Chromosomes polymorphisms of Sichuan wheat cultivars displayed by ND-FISH landmarks
Chromosomes polymorphisms of Sichuan wheat cultivars displayed by ND-FISH landmarks
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DOI：
10.1007/s42976-021-00173-x
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发表时间：
2021-05-07
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Tang, Zongxiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu, Zhenglei;Luo, Jiangtao;Tang, Zongxiang
小麦染色体的荧光原位杂交（FISH）核型研究已得到广泛的应用，但还需要更多的探针来丰富。利用9种串联重复序列的11个寡核苷酸探针对中国春之乡育成的166个普通小麦品种的核型特征进行了研究。染色体5A、3B和1D分别表现出最高的A、B和D染色体组核型变异数（24、18和6）。根据FISH核型分析结果，将供试小麦品种分为8个类群，与育种实体相对应。分别有30个和38个品种含有小麦-簇毛麦6AL. 6VS易位染色体和小麦-黑麦1BL. 1RS易位染色体，表明它们在四川具有较高的育种价值。此外，还分别观察到4种和3种类型的6AL.6VS和1BL.1RS易位。检测到罕见的易位。‘内麦’系列品种含有5AS.3BS/5AL.3BL易位系。3个小麦品种中存在欧洲小麦品种中频率较高的5BL. 5BS-7BL/7BS. 7BL-5BS相互易位，表明该易位系也适应四川环境。这些结果表明四川小麦品种存在一些特殊的核型，反映了核型与适应性的关系。结果表明，小麦染色体的荧光原位杂交（FISH）带型较丰富，可方便地用于减数分裂重组的研究。
Although fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) karyotypes of wheat chromosomes have already been widely investigated, more probes are needed to enrich them. Novel karyotype characteristics of 166 common wheat cultivars bred from the hometown of Chinese Spring were revealed using 11 oligonucleotide (oligo) probes derived from nine kinds of tandem repeats. Chromosomes 5A, 3B and 1D showed the highest number (24, 18 and 6) of karyotype variations in A-, B-, and D-genome chromosomes, respectively. According to the FISH karyotypes, the analyzed wheat cultivars were divided into eight clusters that correspond to breeding entities. Thirty and 38 cultivars contain wheat-Haynaldia villosa 6AL.6VS and wheat-rye 1BL.1RS translocation chromosomes, respectively, indicating their high breeding value in Sichuan, China. Additionally, four and three types of 6AL.6VS and 1BL.1RS translocations were observed, respectively. Scarce translocations were detected. 'Neimai' series cultivars contain reciprocal translocations 5AS.3BS/5AL.3BL. Three cultivars contain reciprocal translocations 5BL.5BS-7BL/7BS.7BL-5BS that occurred at high frequency in European wheat cultivars, indicating that the translocation is also adapted to Sichuan environments. These results indicate that some special karyotypes exist in Sichuan wheat cultivars, showing the relationship between karyotype and adaptation. Richer FISH bands of wheat chromosomes were revealed, and this can be used to investigate meiotic recombination conveniently.