Identifying ecological corridors for Amur tigers (Panthera tigris altaica) and Amur leopards (Panthera pardus orientalis).
Identifying ecological corridors for Amur tigers (Panthera tigris altaica) and Amur leopards (Panthera pardus orientalis).
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DOI：
10.1111/1749-4877.12146
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发表时间：
2015-07
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
D. Miquelle;V. V. Rozhnov-V.;V. Ermoshin;A. Murzin;I. Nikolaev;J. Hernandez-Blanco;S. V. Naidenko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Miquelle;V. V. Rozhnov-V.;V. Ermoshin;A. Murzin;I. Nikolaev;J. Hernandez-Blanco;S. V. Naidenko
人口的迅速爆炸和人类主导的景观的相关发展大大减少了亚洲各地老虎（Panthera tigris）和豹（Panthera pardus）的栖息地，导致多个小种群。然而，俄罗斯的东北虎（Panthera tigris altaica）栖息地在很大程度上仍然是相互联系的，除了西南部滨海边疆区和南部锡霍特-阿林山脉的老虎之间的休息。这个位于滨海边疆区西南部的栖息地也保留了最后一批阿穆尔豹（Panthera pardus orientalis）。西南滨海边疆区和Sikhote-Alin山脉沿着的老虎遗传分化与调查数据表明，栖息地破碎化限制了老虎和豹子在Razdolnaya河流域的运动。我们研究了老虎和豹子的历史和最近的调查数据，并绘制了现有的覆盖类型，以研究在拉兹多尔纳亚河沿着开发带的大型猫科动物和人类的土地利用模式。然后，我们使用最小成本的距离分析，以确定最有效的潜在走廊，以保持连接的豹国家公园和乌苏里斯基Zapovednik（保护区）之间的大型猫科动物。我们确定了一个潜在的走廊，仍然存在的总距离为62.5公里，从豹国家公园的土地乌苏里斯基Zapovednik，主要（93%）通过森林栖息地。我们建议正式承认拉兹多尔纳亚生态走廊，并为3个拟议的管理部分提供具体建议。
The rapid explosion of human populations and the associated development of human-dominated landscapes have drastically reduced and fragmented habitat for tigers (Panthera tigris) and leopards (Panthera pardus) across Asia, resulting in multiple small populations. However, Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) habitat in Russia has remained largely interconnected, except for a break between tigers in southwest Primorye and the southern Sikhote-Alin Mountains. This habitat patch in southwest Primorye also retains the last population of Amur leopards (Panthera pardus orientalis). Genetic differentiation of tigers in southwest Primorye and the Sikhote-Alin Mountains along with survey data suggest that habitat fragmentation is limiting movement of tigers and leopards across the Razdolnaya River basin. We looked at historical and recent survey data on tigers and leopards and mapped existing cover types to examine land-use patterns of both large felids and humans in the development strip along the Razdolnaya River. We then used least-cost distance analyses to identify the most effective potential corridor to retain connectivity for large felids between Land of the Leopard National Park and Ussuriskii Zapovednik (Reserve). We identified a single potential corridor that still exists with a total distance of 62.5 km from Land of the Leopard National Park to Ussuriskii Zapovednik, mostly (93%) through forested habitat. We recommend formal recognition of a Razdolnaya ecological corridor and provide specific recommendations for each of 3 proposed management sections.