Regulation and function of ammonium carriers in bacteria, fungi, and plants
Regulation and function of ammonium carriers in bacteria, fungi, and plants
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DOI：
10.1007/b95775
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Wirén;M. Merrick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Wirén;M. Merrick
铵转运蛋白（NH 4）家族由一组独特且普遍存在于所有生命领域的膜蛋白组成。它们存在于细菌、古生菌、真菌、植物和动物中，包括人类，其中它们以恒河猴蛋白为代表。这些蛋白质具有多种功能。在细菌和真菌中，它们的作用是吸收铵，并通过跨细胞膜扩散重新捕获从细胞中丢失的铵。在真菌中，它们也被提议作为铵传感器来控制丝状生长。在植物中，它们对氮营养和高等动物中的氮营养有重要贡献;它们参与肾脏和肝脏中的铵通量。在本文中，我们回顾了目前的知识，在细菌，真菌和植物中的蛋白质的生物学，特别注意蛋白质的不同功能和它们的调节模式。
The ammonium transport (Amt) family of proteins comprises a unique and ubiquitous group of integral membrane proteins found in all domains of life. They are present in bacteria, archaea, fungi, plants, and animals, including humans where they are represented by the Rhesus proteins. The Amt proteins have a variety of functions. In bacteria and fungi, they act to scavenge ammonium and to recapture ammonium lost from cells by diffusion across the cell membrane. In fungi, they have also been proposed to act as ammonium sensors to control filamentous growth. In plants, they make a major contribution to nitrogen nutrition and in higher animals; they are involved in ammonium fluxes in kidney and liver. In this paper, we review current knowledge of the biology of Amt proteins in bacteria, fungi, and plants with particular attention to the different functions of the proteins and their modes of regulation.