Surface engineerings of polyacrylonitrile-based asymmetric membranes towards biomedical applications: An overview
Surface engineerings of polyacrylonitrile-based asymmetric membranes towards biomedical applications: An overview
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DOI：
10.1016/j.memsci.2007.05.012
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发表时间：
2007-11
影响因子：
9.5
通讯作者：
Zhen‐Gang Wang;L. Wan;Zhi‐Kang Xu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhen‐Gang Wang;L. Wan;Zhi‐Kang Xu
聚丙烯腈（PAN）膜具有良好的热稳定性、耐溶剂性、耐大气腐蚀性、耐细菌腐蚀性和耐光辐射性等优良特性，近年来受到人们的广泛关注。因此，它们的开发也涉及渗透汽化、水处理、固定化酶、血液透析等多个领域。然而，相对较差的亲水性和生物相容性使得膜容易受到蛋白质吸附和细胞粘附的影响，这可能导致生物污染和免疫反应，特别是当膜用于血液相关系统时。本文综述了PAN基膜的各种表面改性方法，主要包括接枝聚合法、部分水解法、大分子固定化法和酶固定化法。为了使膜表面具有血液透析的生物相容性，模仿细胞外表面的概念至关重要。例如，生物大分子如壳聚糖、肝素或胰岛素可以被拴在PAN基膜上，以显著改善其表面的血液相容性。此外，PAN基膜的潜在应用之一是作为酶固定化载体。列举了15篇相关文献，并从不同的酶、不同的载体、不同的偶联方法等方面进行了简要的讨论。但是，这些固定化酶膜的应用试验还处于初级阶段。
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membranes have attracted much attention due to a variety of excellent characteristics, which include thermal stability and tolerance to most solvents, atmosphere, bacteria and photo irradiation. Therefore, their exploitation also covers many fields, like pervaporation, water treatment, enzyme immobilization, and hemodialysis. However, the relative poor hydrophilicity and biocompatibility get the membranes susceptible to protein adsorption and cell adhesion that may cause biofouling and immunoreactions, especially when the membranes are used in blood-related systems. This review presents various surface engineerings for PAN-based membranes, which mainly refers to grafting polymerization (also known as “grafting-from” method), partially hydrolysis, macromolecule immobilization (also known as “grafting-to” method), and enzyme immobilization. To render the membrane surface with biocompatibility for hemodialysis, the concept of mimicking the outer surface of cells is critical. For example, biomacromolecules such as chitosan, heparin or insulin can be tethered on the PAN-based membranes to improve their surface hemocompatibility remarkably. In addition, one of the potential applications of PAN-based membranes is as enzyme immobilization supports. Over 15 relative literatures are listed and briefly discussed with different enzymes, modified supports, and coupling methods. However, the application trial for these enzyme-immobilized membranes is still elementary.