Oropharygneal articulation of phonemic and phonetic nasalization in Brazilian Portuguese
Oropharygneal articulation of phonemic and phonetic nasalization in Brazilian Portuguese
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DOI：
10.1016/j.wocn.2018.07.009
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Sutton, Brad
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barlaz, Marissa;Shosted, Ryan;Sutton, Brad
语音特征[+/-NASAL]不能区分口、鼻和发音鼻化元音之间的系统性口咽差异。现在，各种研究表明，口咽形状可能会系统地增强或补偿鼻耦合的声学效果。此外，[-NASAL]元音在口腔和鼻环境中的语音实现是一个有争议的问题。虽然这些元音的咽部开口是从空气动力学中推断出来的，但我们知道没有人试图直接研究在鼻和口腔环境中可能也有音位[+ NASAL]元音的语言中潜在的口腔元音的口咽发音。在这项研究中，实时磁共振成像（rt-MRI）被用来研究声道配置在巴西葡萄牙语（BP），一种语言，可以说有[+ NASAL]（音位鼻音）元音和两个类的[-NASAL]元音（口头和语音鼻音）。结果显示，鼻和口元音同源/a类似于（a）在波浪线/，/i类似于（i）在波浪线/和/u类似于（u）在波浪线/之间的口咽差异，这可以说增强了众所周知的鼻耦合对元音高度的声学效果。此外，鼻尾辅音出现在鼻元音之后。另一方面，语音鼻化元音没有表现出鼻增强的迹象，包括鼻尾出现，这意味着它们是潜在的口头元音，尽管它们发生的环境。我们认为，鼻元音在英国石油公司underlyingly/（V）在波浪线/，而不是/VN/序列，后者的区别被保留的鼻化元音。[+ NASAL]和[-NASAL]元音的发音分歧在感知、声音变化和鼻音的语音实现方面具有意义。(C)2018爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
The phonological feature [+/- NASAL] does not distinguish systematic oropharyngeal differences between oral, nasal, and phonetically nasalized vowels. A variety of studies now show that oropharyngeal shape may systematically enhance or compensate for the acoustic effects of nasal coupling. Additionally, the phonetic implementation of [-NASAL] vowels in oral and nasal contexts is a matter of some controversy. While the velopharyngeal opening of these vowels has been inferred from aerodynamics, we know of no attempt to directly study the oropharyngeal articulation of underlyingly oral vowels in nasal and oral contexts in a language that may also have phonemically [+NASAL] vowels. In this study, real-time magnetic resonance imaging (rt-MRI) is used to study vocal tract configuration in Brazilian Portuguese (BP), a language that arguably has [+NASAL] (phonemically nasal) vowels and two classes of [-NASAL] vowels (oral and phonetically nasalized). Results show oropharyngeal differences between nasal and oral vowel congeners /a similar to(a) over tilde/, /i similar to(i) over tilde/ and /u similar to(u) over tilde/, which arguably enhance well-known acoustic effects of nasal coupling on vowel height. In addition, nasal coda consonants emerge following nasal vowels. Phonetically nasalized vowels, on the other hand, show no sign of nasal enhancement, including nasal coda emergence, implying they are underlyingly oral vowels, despite the environment in which they occur. We argue that nasal vowels in BP are underlyingly /(V) over tilde/, rather than /VN/ sequences, the latter distinction being reserved for nasalized vowels. Articulatory divergence of [+NAsAL] and [-NASAL] vowels has implications in perception, sound change, and the phonetic implementation of nasality. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.