Mouthparts of the bumblebee ( Bombus terrestris) exhibit poor acuity for the detection of pesticides in nectar
Mouthparts of the bumblebee ( Bombus terrestris) exhibit poor acuity for the detection of pesticides in nectar
复制标题
熊蜂（Bombus terrestris）的口器在检测花蜜中的农药方面表现出较差的敏锐度
DOI：
10.1101/2023.02.03.526956
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Parkinson R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Parkinson R
蜜蜂是重要的农作物传粉者，但当使用杀虫剂时，它们的种群处于危险之中。蜜蜂面临的最大风险之一是杀虫剂对花蜜和花粉的毒害。蜜蜂检测新烟碱的研究报告了相互矛盾的证据，即蜜蜂是否可以在蔗糖溶液中品尝到这些杀虫剂，从而避免它们。在这里，我们使用一种结合单一感受器电生理的食物厌恶检测方法来测试黄尾大黄蜂(Bombus Terrestris)的口器是否检测到模拟油菜(Brassica Napus)花蜜的溶液中存在农药。蜜蜂不会避免食用含有六个数量级的吡虫啉、甲氧西林、氯硫氰胺或亚磺胺的溶液，即使这些溶液含有致命剂量。只有极高浓度的杀虫剂通过轻微降低放电频率或改变适应速度来改变味觉神经元的尖峰。这些数据提供了强有力的证据，表明大黄蜂无法利用其口器提供的信息检测或避免与田间相关的杀虫剂浓度。由于蜜蜂很少与身体的其他部位接触花蜜，我们预测它们很有可能无意中摄入经过杀虫剂处理的作物的花蜜中的杀虫剂。
Bees are important pollinators of agricultural crops, but their populations are at risk when pesticides are used. One of the largest risks bees face is poisoning of floral nectar and pollen by insecticides. Studies of bee detection of neonicotinoids have reported contradictory evidence about whether bees can taste these pesticides in sucrose solutions and hence avoid them. Here, we use an assay for the detection of food aversion combined with single-sensillum electrophysiology to test whether the mouthparts of the buff-tailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) detect the presence of pesticides in a solution that mimicked the nectar of oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Bees did not avoid consuming solutions containing concentrations of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, or sulfoxaflor spanning six orders of magnitude, even when these solutions contained lethal doses. Only extremely high concentrations of the pesticides altered spiking in gustatory neurons through a slight reduction in firing rate or change in the rate of adaptation. These data provide strong evidence that bumblebees cannot detect or avoid field-relevant concentrations of pesticides using information from their mouthparts. As bees rarely contact floral nectar with other body parts, we predict that they are at high risk of unwittingly consuming pesticides in the nectar of pesticide-treated crops.