The role of technology, product lifetime, and energy efficiency in climate mitigation: A case study of air conditioners in Japan
The role of technology, product lifetime, and energy efficiency in climate mitigation: A case study of air conditioners in Japan
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技术、产品寿命和能源效率在减缓气候变化中的作用：日本空调案例研究
DOI：
10.1016/j.enpol.2017.01.045
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
D. Nishijima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Nishijima
这项研究分析了对生命周期二氧化碳排放量的影响来自一个特定的耐用品（即，工业技术的变化，产品寿命的变化，以及能源效率的提高。笔者提出了包括家用空调平均寿命和节能趋势两个因素的综合结构分解分析，并将分解方法应用于日本1990、1995、2000和2005年的环境投入产出表。实证结果表明，“家用空调行业”本身对减少家用空调生命周期二氧化碳排放量做出了贡献，而“现场发电行业”和“零售贸易行业”等其他行业则对增加家用空调生命周期二氧化碳排放量做出了贡献。并对空调产品寿命期的减排潜力和空调能效进行了组合情景分析，结果表明，在每种平均寿命期情景下，将2005年CO2排放量维持在1990年水平所需的能效减排率。(e.g.若冷气机的平均使用寿命缩短一年，冷气机的能源效益须在现有水平的基础上再提高20.6%。
This study analyzed the impact on the life-cycle CO2emissions derived from a specific durable good (i.e., household air conditioners in this study) of industrial technology changes, product lifetime changes, and energy efficiency improvements. I proposed a comprehensive structural decomposition analysis including two factors of average lifetime and energy efficiency trend of household air conditioners and applied the decomposition method to the Japanese environmental input-output tables of 1990, 1995, 2000, and 2005. The empirical results show that “Household air-conditioner sector” itself contributed to reducing life-cycle CO2emissions derived from household air conditioners, while other sectors such as “On-site power generation sector” and “Retail trade sector” contributed to increasing life-cycle CO2emissions derived from household air conditioners. I also conducted combined scenario analysis about reduction potential of product lifetime and energy efficiency of air conditioners and the results showed the reduction rate of energy efficiency necessary for maintain CO2emissions in 2005 at 1990 level on each average lifetime scenario. (e.g. if average lifetime of air conditioners is shortened by 1 year, energy efficiency of air conditioners have to be further improved by 20.6% from current level.