Different underlying mechanisms for deficits in concept formation in dementia
Different underlying mechanisms for deficits in concept formation in dementia
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DOI：
10.1016/s0887-6177(00)00066-4
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发表时间：
2001-08-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Libon, DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giovannetti, T;Lamar, M;Libon, DJ
我们研究了可能导致阿尔茨海默病（AD）和缺血性血管性痴呆（IVD）患者言语概念形成缺陷的不同机制，这些患者与脑室周围和深部白色物质改变相关。概念形成采用WAIS-R相似性分测验（SIM）进行评估。两种类型的错误被重新编码从0分的反应，由WAIS-R手册评分。在设置错误（例如，狗-狮子“他们还活着”）被编码时，患者报告了一个非常模糊的上位概念的话对。超出设定的响应（例如，狗-狮子“狮子吼叫和狗吠叫”）在响应明显超出心理定势时被编码，即，当参与者不能为单词对提供一个上位概念时。根据WAIS-R手册中描述的评分系统，组间比较显示SIM测试表现无差异。尽管如此，AD患者产生了更大比例的设置错误，而IVD患者产生了更大比例的设置错误。出集错误与执行功能的措施，而在集错误与延迟识别记忆和语义入侵错误相关的措施。我们得出结论，导致概念形成不良的基础缺陷在AD和IVD患者之间存在差异。在IVD中，概念形成受损与监测反应和维持心理状态所需的执行系统的缺陷有关。相比之下，在AD中，赤字似乎是次要的言语反应选择受损。(C)2001年美国国家神经心理学学会。出版社：Elsevier Science Ltd
We investigated the different mechanisms that may underlie deficits in verbal concept formation among patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and ischaemic vascular dementia (IVD) associated with periventricular and deep white matter alterations. Concept formation was assessed with the WAIS-R Similarities subtest (SIM). Two types of errors were re-coded from the 0-point responses as scored by the WAIS-R manual. In set errors (e.g., dog-lion "they're alive") were coded when patients reported a very vague superordinate concept for the word pair. Out of set responses (e.g., dog-lion "the lion roars and the dog barks") were coded when a response was clearly out of mental set, i.e., when participants were unable to provide a superordinate concept for the word pair. Between-group comparisons demonstrated no difference in SIM test performance according to the scoring system described in the WAIS-R manual. Nonetheless, AD patients produced a greater proportion of in set errors, while IVD patients produced a greater proportion of out of set errors. Out of set errors were highly associated with measures of executive function, while in set errors were associated with measures related to delayed recognition memory and semantic intrusion errors. We conclude that the underlying deficits that contribute to poor concept formation differ between AD and IVD patients. In IVD impaired concept formation is related to deficits in the executive systems necessary to monitor responses and sustain mental set. In AD, by contrast, the deficit appears to be secondary to impaired verbal response selection. (C) 2001 National Academy of Neuropsychology. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.