Seismic depth imaging of sequence boundaries beneath the New Jersey shelf

Seismic depth imaging of sequence boundaries beneath the New Jersey shelf
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新泽西陆架下方层序边界的地震深度成像

DOI:
10.1007/s11001-018-9360-9
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
1.4
通讯作者:
Aßhoff
Aßhoff
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Riedel;Reiche;Aßhoff

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流体流动和输运过程的数值模拟依赖于一个约束良好的地质模型,这通常是由地震反射勘测提供的。在新泽西大陆架地区,大量的二维地震剖面为建立可靠的地质模型提供了广泛的数据库。然而,为了模拟地下水流,需要对地震数据进行深度转换,这通常是利用钻孔测井的补充数据来完成的。由于在新泽西大陆架的这些数据的有限性,我们提出了一个两阶段的处理策略,特别强调反射层析成像和叠前深度成像。我们将此工作流程应用于横跨整个新泽西大陆架的地震剖面。由于基于层析成像的速度建模,处理流程不依赖于钻孔测井数据的可用性。尽管如此,我们验证我们的结果,通过比较选定的地质层位的迁移深度,从IODP勘探313钻井现场,位于三个位置沿着我们的地震线钻孔岩心数据。比较结果表明,在偏移剖面的顶部450 m处,大多数选定的反射层的定位精度接近该数据的地震分辨率极限(0.44 m)。对于较深的层,对于大多数测试层位,精度仍然保持在一个地震波长内。这些结果表明,处理后的地震资料为建立水文地质模型提供了可靠的依据。此外,所提出的工作流程可以应用于其他地震剖面在新泽西大陆架,这将导致一个更好的约束模型。
Numerical modelling of fluid flow and transport processes relies on a well-constrained geological model, which is usually provided by seismic reflection surveys. In the New Jersey shelf area a large number of 2D seismic profiles provide an extensive database for constructing a reliable geological model. However, for the purpose of modelling groundwater flow, the seismic data need to be depth-converted which is usually accomplished using complementary data from borehole logs. Due to the limited availability of such data in the New Jersey shelf, we propose a two-stage processing strategy with particular emphasis on reflection tomography and pre-stack depth imaging. We apply this workflow to a seismic section crossing the entire New Jersey shelf. Due to the tomography-based velocity modelling, the processing flow does not depend on the availability of borehole logging data. Nonetheless, we validate our results by comparing the migrated depths of selected geological horizons to borehole core data from the IODP expedition 313 drill sites, located at three positions along our seismic line. The comparison yields that in the top 450 m of the migrated section, most of the selected reflectors were positioned with an accuracy close to the seismic resolution limit (≈ 4 m) for that data. For deeper layers the accuracy still remains within one seismic wavelength for the majority of the tested horizons. These results demonstrate that the processed seismic data provide a reliable basis for constructing a hydrogeological model. Furthermore, the proposed workflow can be applied to other seismic profiles in the New Jersey shelf, which will lead to an even better constrained model.
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