Physiological Roles of Adipokines, Hepatokines, and Myokines in Ruminants.
Physiological Roles of Adipokines, Hepatokines, and Myokines in Ruminants.
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反刍动物中脂肪因子，肝素和肌动物的生理作用。
DOI：
10.5713/ajas.16.0001r
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发表时间：
2016-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Katoh K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Roh SG;Suzuki Y;Gotoh T;Tatsumi R;Katoh K
自从发现脂肪细胞分泌的瘦素以来，已经发现专门的组织和细胞可以分泌几种肽（或细胞因子），这些肽的特征是负向和正向调节代谢过程。不同类型的脂肪因子、肝因子和肌因子作为细胞因子，分别从脂肪、肝脏和肌肉组织中分泌，并已对其在人类和动物模型疾病中的生理作用进行了鉴定和检查。最近，在反刍动物中进行了这些细胞因子的各种研究，包括奶牛、肉牛、绵羊和山羊。有趣的是，反刍动物这些组织中的一些细胞因子在产后、哺乳期和育肥（大理石花纹）时期发挥着重要作用。因此，了解这些激素对于改善奶牛和肉牛的营养管理非常重要。然而，据我们所知，尚未对反刍动物牛肉和乳制品中这些细胞因子的特征进行综述。特别是，脂肪组织、肝脏组织和肌肉组织中的脂质和葡萄糖代谢对于能量储存、产生和合成非常重要，而这些能量储存、产生和合成在反刍动物生产中受到这些细胞因子的调节。在这篇综述中，我们总结了脂肪因子、肝因子和肌因子在反刍动物中的生理作用。该讨论为理解细胞因子在反刍动物生产中的作用奠定了基础。
Since the discovery of leptin secreted from adipocytes, specialized tissues and cells have been found that secrete the several peptides (or cytokines) that are characterized to negatively and positively regulate the metabolic process. Different types of adipokines, hepatokines, and myokines, which act as cytokines, are secreted from adipose, liver, and muscle tissue, respectively, and have been identified and examined for their physiological roles in humans and disease in animal models. Recently, various studies of these cytokines have been conducted in ruminants, including dairy cattle, beef cattle, sheep, and goat. Interestingly, a few cytokines from these tissues in ruminants play an important role in the post-parturition, lactation, and fattening (marbling) periods. Thus, understanding these hormones is important for improving nutritional management in dairy cows and beef cattle. However, to our knowledge, there have been no reviews of the characteristics of these cytokines in beef and dairy products in ruminants. In particular, lipid and glucose metabolism in adipose tissue, liver tissue, and muscle tissue are very important for energy storage, production, and synthesis, which are regulated by these cytokines in ruminant production. In this review, we summarize the physiological roles of adipokines, hepatokines, and myokines in ruminants. This discussion provides a foundation for understanding the role of cytokines in animal production of ruminants.