Mycotoxins: Diffuse and point source contributions of natural contaminants of emerging concern to streams
Mycotoxins: Diffuse and point source contributions of natural contaminants of emerging concern to streams
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.062
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Bucheli, Thomas D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kolpin, Dana W.;Schenzel, Judith;Bucheli, Thomas D.
为了确定溪流中霉菌毒素的流行程度，2010年从32条溪流和3个废水处理厂废水中收集了116个水样，这是迄今为止在美国进行的关于溪流中霉菌毒素时空分布情况的最广泛调查。在测量的33种目标真菌毒素中，有9种在本研究期间至少检测到一次。在这项研究中，真菌毒素的检测几乎无处不在，尽管盆地的大小跨越了四个数量级。在收集的116个样本中，94%检测到至少一种真菌毒素。其次是雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(59%)、白藜芦素(43%)、玉米赤霉烯酮(26%)、β-玉米赤霉烯醇(20%)、3-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(16%)、α-玉米赤霉烯醇(10%)、二乙氧基环烯醇(5%)和疣草素A(1%)。此外，在43%的样品中检测到三种已知的雌激素化合物(即玉米赤霉烯酮、α-玉米赤霉烯醇和β-玉米赤霉烯醇)中的一种或多种，其最高浓度大大高于先前研究中观察到的浓度。虽然浓度普遍较低(即
To determine the prevalence of mycotoxins in streams, 116 water samples from 32 streams and three wastewater treatment plant effluents were collected in 2010 providing the broadest investigation on the spatial and temporal occurrence of mycotoxins in streams conducted in the United States to date. Out of the 33 target mycotoxins measured, nine were detected at least once during this study. The detections of mycotoxins were nearly ubiquitous during this study even though the basin size spanned four orders of magnitude. At least one mycotoxin was detected in 94% of the 116 samples collected. Deoxynivalenol was the most frequently detected mycotoxin (77%), followed by nivalenol (59%), beauvericin (43%), zearalenone (26%), beta-zearalenol (20%), 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (16%), alpha-zearalenol (10%), diacetoxyscirpenol (5%), and verrucarin A (1%). In addition, one or more of the three known estrogenic compounds (i.e. zearalenone, alpha-zearalenol, and beta-zearalenol) were detected in 43% of the samples, with maximum concentrations substantially higher than observed in previous research. While concentrations were generally low (i.e.