The role of vibrissal sensing in forelimb position control during travelling locomotion in the rat (Rattus norvegicus, Rodentia).
The role of vibrissal sensing in forelimb position control during travelling locomotion in the rat (Rattus norvegicus, Rodentia).
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DOI：
10.1016/j.zool.2014.09.003
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发表时间：
2015-02
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Sandra Niederschuh;H. Witte;Manuela Schmidt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sandra Niederschuh;H. Witte;Manuela Schmidt
在兽类的干系中，肢体和身体力学发生了全面的重组，为高度结构化的环境中的快速运动提供了动态稳定性。可能在同一时间，哺乳动物以可移动的神秘触须的形式发展出了一种活跃的触觉。四肢和触须的节律运动由中枢模式生成网络控制，这些网络可能在感觉运动控制中相互作用。为了测试这种可能的相互作用，我们通过研究大鼠前肢和振动运动学的时间和空间参数的速度依赖性调整来研究两者之间的协变。此外，还探讨了腕触须在连接两个振荡系统中的可能作用。我们比较了在存在和不存在神秘或/和腕触须的情况下在 0.2–0.5 m/s 的速度范围内连续和不连续基底上的运动，发现两个振荡系统的运动学的紧密耦合似乎由于它们对动物速度的不同依赖性而被排除。前肢运动学中与速度相关的变化主要发生在时间参数中，而触须改变其空间偏移。然而，拂动频率总是足够高，以至于至少一个拂动周期落入肢体的摆动阶段，这是感测前爪将放置的基底的最大关键时期。触觉提示对前肢位置控制的影响比预期的更微妙。触觉提示似乎会影响参数变化的程度，但不会影响平均参数或在有孔跑步机上行走时肢体的故障率。腕触须似乎通过测量站立阶段的持续时间来感知动物的速度。缺乏这种提示会显着减少步频和振动延伸方面与速度相关的变化。
In the stem lineage of therians, a comprehensive reorganization of limb and body mechanics took place to provide dynamic stability for rapid locomotion in a highly structured environment. At what was probably the same time, mammals developed an active sense of touch in the form of movable mystacial vibrissae. The rhythmic movements of the limbs and vibrissae are controlled by central pattern-generating networks which might interact with each other in sensorimotor control. To test this possible interaction, we studied covariation between the two by investigating speed-dependent adjustments in temporal and spatial parameters of forelimb and vibrissal kinematics in the rat. Furthermore, the possible role of carpal vibrissae in connecting the two oscillating systems was explored. We compared locomotion on continuous and discontinuous substrates in the presence and absence of the mystacial or/and carpal vibrissae across a speed range of 0.2–0.5 m/s and found that a close coupling of the kinematics of the two oscillating systems appears to be precluded by their differential dependence on the animal's speed. Speed-related changes in forelimb kinematics mainly occur in temporal parameters, whereas vibrissae change their spatial excursion. However, whisking frequency is always high enough that at least one whisk cycle falls into the swing phase of the limb, which is the maximum critical period for sensing the substrate on which the forepaw will be placed. The influence of tactile cues on forelimb positional control is more subtle than expected. Tactile cues appear to affect the degree of parameter variation but not average parameters or the failure rate of limbs during walking on a perforated treadmill. The carpal vibrissae appear to play a role in sensing the animal's speed by measuring the duration of the stance phase. The absence of this cue significantly reduces speed-related variation in stride frequency and vibrissal protraction.