Disaster planning and risk communication with vulnerable communities: lessons from Hurricane Katrina.
Disaster planning and risk communication with vulnerable communities: lessons from Hurricane Katrina.
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2005.084335
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Glik, Deborah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eisenman, David P;Cordasco, Kristina M;Glik, Deborah
目的：我们研究了卡特里娜飓风撤离人员的经验，以更好地了解贫困，主要是少数民族社区的疏散决定的影响因素，最严重的受灾。方法：我们进行了定性访谈，随机选择的58名撤离人员生活在休斯顿的主要疏散中心，从2005年9月9日至12日。成绩单内容分析采用扎根理论methodology.Results：参与者主要是非洲裔美国人，低收入，来自新奥尔良。参与者与大家庭、朋友和社区团体的紧密联系影响了其他影响疏散的因素，包括交通、避难所的获取和对疏散信息的感知。这些社会联系削减两种方式，促进和阻碍疏散decisions.CONCLUSIONS：有效的灾难计划必须考虑到弱势群体和少数民族社区遇到的具体障碍。消除住房和交通等更明显的障碍可能不足以改善贫困少数民族社区的灾害计划。大家庭和社交网络的重要影响需要更好的社区沟通和准备战略。
OBJECTIVES: We studied the experience of Hurricane Katrina evacuees to better understand factors influencing evacuation decisions in impoverished, mainly minority communities that were most severely affected by the disaster.METHODS: We performed qualitative interviews with 58 randomly selected evacuees living in Houston's major evacuation centers from September 9 to 12, 2005. Transcripts were content analyzed using grounded theory methodology.RESULTS: Participants were mainly African American, had low incomes, and were from New Orleans. Participants' strong ties to extended family, friends, and community groups influenced other factors affecting evacuation, including transportation, access to shelter, and perception of evacuation messages. These social connections cut both ways, which facilitated and hindered evacuation decisions.CONCLUSIONS: Effective disaster plans must account for the specific obstacles encountered by vulnerable and minority communities. Removing the more apparent obstacles of shelter and transportation will likely be insufficient for improving disaster plans for impoverished, minority communities. The important influence of extended families and social networks demand better community-based communication and preparation strategies.