Women's status and depressive symptoms: A multilevel analysis
Women's status and depressive symptoms: A multilevel analysis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.04.030
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Kawachi, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, YY;Subramanian, SV;Kawachi, I
研究了国家层面妇女地位和自主性对个体层面妇女抑郁症状的影响。我们对1988年全国母婴健康调查（NMIHS）的1991年纵向随访进行了多层次分析，其中7789名妇女居住在美国50个州。国家层面的妇女地位通过四个综合指数来评估，衡量妇女的政治参与、经济自主、就业和收入以及生殖权利。主要结局指标是抑郁症状（流行病学研究中心抑郁量表，CES-D）。参与者是美国具有全国代表性的分层随机抽样，年龄在17岁至40岁之间，她们在1988年生下了活婴，1991年再次成功联系，并提供了有关抑郁症状的完整信息。年轻、非白人、未婚、受教育程度较低或家庭收入较低的妇女往往报告抑郁症状的程度较高。与就业和收入指数排名较低的州相比，居住在同一指数较高的州的女性在CES-D上的得分低0.85分(p
The effects of state-level women's status and autonomy on individual-level women's depressive symptoms were examined. We conducted a multi-level analysis of the 1991 longitudinal follow up of the 1988 National Maternal Infant Health Survey (NMIHS), with 7789 women nested within the fifty American states. State-level women's status was assessed by four composite indices measuring women's political participation, economic autonomy, employment & earnings, and reproductive rights. The main outcome measure was symptoms of depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, CES-D). The participants were a nationally representative stratified random sample of women in the USA aged between 17 and 40 years old who gave birth to live babies in 1988, were successfully contacted again in 1991 and provided complete information on depressive symptoms. Women who were younger, non-white, not currently married, less educated or had lower household income tended to report higher levels of depressive symptoms. Compared with states ranking low on the employment & earnings index, women residing in states that were high on the same index scored 0.85 points lower on the CES-D (p