Exploring Scientific Misconduct: Isolated Individuals, Impure Institutions, or an Inevitable Idiom of Modern Science?
Exploring Scientific Misconduct: Isolated Individuals, Impure Institutions, or an Inevitable Idiom of Modern Science?
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DOI：
10.1007/s11673-008-9113-6
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发表时间：
2008-12-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Sovacool, Benjamin K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sovacool, Benjamin K.
本文指出了关于科学不端行为的三种不同的叙述：一种是希望看到科学自我规范的人所提倡的“个人不纯”的叙述；一种是那些寻求对科学进行更大外部控制的人所提倡的“制度不当”的叙述；以及一种是那些批评整个研究过程本身的人所提出的“结构性危机”的叙述。这篇论文首先评估了当代对科学不端行为的定义和估计。它强调对这些定义和估计的分歧，以此作为梳理科学研究相互竞争的愿景引发的紧张和争议的一种方式。报告最后指出，每种说法都提出了解决不当行为的不同方法，这些观点中固有的差异可能有助于解释科学界关于不道德行为的大部分不和谐。
This paper identifies three distinct narratives concerning scientific misconduct: a narrative of "individual impurity" promoted by those wishing to see science self-regulated; a narrative of "institutional impropriety" promoted by those seeking greater external control of science; and a narrative of "structural crisis" among those critiquing the entire process of research itself. The paper begins by assessing contemporary definitions and estimates of scientific misconduct. It emphasizes disagreements over such definitions and estimates as a way to tease out tension and controversy over competing visions of scientific research. It concludes by noting that each narrative suggests a different approach for resolving misconduct, and that the difference inherent in these views may help explain much of the discord concerning unethical behavior in the scientific community.