Insecticide susceptibility status of Phlebotomus (Paraphlebotomus) sergenti and Phlebotomus (Phlebotomus) papatasi in endemic foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Morocco
Insecticide susceptibility status of Phlebotomus (Paraphlebotomus) sergenti and Phlebotomus (Phlebotomus) papatasi in endemic foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Morocco
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DOI：
10.1186/1756-3305-5-51
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发表时间：
2012-03-19
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Ameur, Btissam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Faraj, Chafika;Ouahabi, Souad;Ameur, Btissam
背景：在摩洛哥，皮肤利什曼病由 Sergenti 白蛉和 papatasi 鼠传播。病媒控制主要基于环境管理，但在许多热带利什曼原虫疫源地都采用了合成拟除虫菊酯的室内滞留喷洒。然而，白蛉对目前使用的杀虫剂的敏感性水平和分布尚未研究。因此，本研究旨在确定丝蝇和帕帕塔西对高效氯氟氰菊酯、滴滴涕和马拉硫磷的敏感性状况。 方法：2011年，按照基于区别剂量的世界卫生组织标准技术，评估了丝蝇和帕帕塔西的杀虫剂敏感性状况。对 CDC 光诱捕器从 6 个不同省份的 7 个村庄收集的 Ph. sergenti 和 Ph. papatasi 野生种群进行了 25 次敏感性测试。在接触 DDT 和高效氯氟氰菊酯期间，每隔 5 分钟记录一次击倒率 (KDT)。暴露1小时后，将白蛉转移至观察管中24小时。在此期间之后，计算死亡率。通过Probit分析程序分析数据以确定击倒时间50%和90%（KDT50和KDT90）值。 结果：研究结果表明Ph. sergenti和Ph. papatasi对所有测试的杀虫剂敏感。 KDT值的比较显示研究村庄的杀虫剂击倒效果存在明显差异。在疟疾或利什曼病控制框架内受到高选择性公共卫生杀虫剂压力的地区，这种效果较低。 结论：Phlebotomus sergenti 和 Ph. papatasi 对在七个研究村庄测试的杀虫剂敏感，但它们在 Azilal、Chichaoua 和 Settat 表现出较低的击倒效果。因此，建议对这些媒介在其他利什曼病疫源地的杀虫剂敏感性进行研究，并定期监测其敏感性水平。
Background: In Morocco, cutaneous leishmaniasis is transmitted by Phlebotomus sergenti and Ph. papatasi. Vector control is mainly based on environmental management but indoor residual spraying with synthetic pyrethroids is applied in many foci of Leishmania tropica. However, the levels and distribution of sandfly susceptibility to insecticides currently used has not been studied yet. Hence, this study was undertaken to establish the susceptibility status of Ph. sergenti and Ph. papatasi to lambdacyhalothrin, DDT and malathion.Methods: The insecticide susceptibility status of Ph. sergenti and Ph. papatasi was assessed during 2011, following the standard WHO technique based on discriminating dosage. A series of twenty-five susceptibility tests were carried out on wild populations of Ph. sergenti and Ph. papatasi collected by CDC light traps from seven villages in six different provinces. Knockdown rates (KDT) were noted at 5 min intervals during the exposure to DDT and to lambdacyhalothrin. After one hour of exposure, sandflies were transferred to the observation tubes for 24 hours. After this period, mortality rate was calculated. Data were analyzed by Probit analysis program to determine the knockdown time 50% and 90% (KDT50 and KDT90) values.Results: Study results showed that Ph. sergenti and Ph. papatasi were susceptible to all insecticides tested. Comparison of KDT values showed a clear difference between the insecticide knockdown effect in studied villages. This effect was lower in areas subject to high selective public health insecticide pressure in the framework of malaria or leishmaniasis control.Conclusion: Phlebotomus sergenti and Ph. papatasi are susceptible to the insecticides tested in the seven studied villages but they showed a low knockdown effect in Azilal, Chichaoua and Settat. Therefore, a study of insecticide susceptibility of these vectors in other foci of leishmaniasis is recommended and the level of their susceptibility should be regularly monitored.