Lipid remodelling is a widespread strategy in marine heterotrophic bacteria upon phosphorus deficiency.
Lipid remodelling is a widespread strategy in marine heterotrophic bacteria upon phosphorus deficiency.
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DOI：
10.1038/ismej.2015.172
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发表时间：
2016-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chen Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sebastián M;Smith AF;González JM;Fredricks HF;Van Mooy B;Koblížek M;Brandsma J;Koster G;Mestre M;Mostajir B;Pitta P;Postle AD;Sánchez P;Gasol JM;Scanlan DJ;Chen Y
在磷(P)缺乏的情况下，海洋浮游植物通过用替代的非磷脂取代膜磷脂来减少它们对P的需求。最近的研究表明，当培养物中的磷酸盐缺乏时，SAR11分离物也具有这种能力。然而，这一过程在其他海洋异养细菌和自然环境中发生的程度尚不清楚。在这里，我们证明了膜磷脂替代各种非磷脂是在系统发育上不同的海洋异养细菌中对磷缺乏的保守反应，包括甲蛋白细菌和黄杆菌成员。通过对模式海洋细菌Phaebacter sp.进行缺失、诱变和互补。MED193和在重组大肠杆菌中的异源表达，证实了磷脂酶C(Plcp)和糖基转移酶在脂质重塑中的作用。对全球海洋采样和Tara Ocean元基因组数据集的分析表明，在磷酸盐浓度较低的地区，PLCP特别丰富。此外，我们还表明，脂质重塑是季节性发生的，并对地中海天然微生物群落中不断变化的营养条件做出反应。综上所述，我们的结果指出了脂质替代作为一种适应策略的关键作用，使异养细菌能够在广阔的海洋缺磷区域茁壮成长。
Upon phosphorus (P) deficiency, marine phytoplankton reduce their requirements for P by replacing membrane phospholipids with alternative non-phosphorus lipids. It was very recently demonstrated that a SAR11 isolate also shares this capability when phosphate starved in culture. Yet, the extent to which this process occurs in other marine heterotrophic bacteria and in the natural environment is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the substitution of membrane phospholipids for a variety of non-phosphorus lipids is a conserved response to P deficiency among phylogenetically diverse marine heterotrophic bacteria, including members of the Alphaproteobacteria and Flavobacteria. By deletion mutagenesis and complementation in the model marine bacterium Phaeobacter sp. MED193 and heterologous expression in recombinant Escherichia coli, we confirm the roles of a phospholipase C (PlcP) and a glycosyltransferase in lipid remodelling. Analyses of the Global Ocean Sampling and Tara Oceans metagenome data sets demonstrate that PlcP is particularly abundant in areas characterized by low phosphate concentrations. Furthermore, we show that lipid remodelling occurs seasonally and responds to changing nutrient conditions in natural microbial communities from the Mediterranean Sea. Together, our results point to the key role of lipid substitution as an adaptive strategy enabling heterotrophic bacteria to thrive in the vast P-depleted areas of the ocean.