53. ERATOSTHENES SEAMOUNT: THE POSSIBLE SPEARHEAD OF INCIPIENT CONTINENTAL COLLISION IN THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN 1
53. ERATOSTHENES SEAMOUNT: THE POSSIBLE SPEARHEAD OF INCIPIENT CONTINENTAL COLLISION IN THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN 1
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53. 埃拉托斯特尼海山：可能是东地中海早期大陆碰撞的先锋 1
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发表时间：
1998
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通讯作者：
D. Kempler
中科院分区：
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作者：
D. Kempler
我们比较早期的作品，根据现有的地球物理数据和板块运动学的考虑，在东地中海构造框架内的埃拉托色尼结构的起源和演变，从大洋钻探计划（ODP）腿160的数据。正在讨论的模型得到了关于埃拉托塞尼海山晚期演变的ODP数据的支持;但是，需要进行更深的钻探，以便更好地了解这一结构的早期历史。根据区域地质历史对现有的地震反射、地震折射和磁测资料进行分析表明，埃拉托色尼海山的深部结构起源于中生代早期。ODP数据证实，Eratosthenes结构，这是位于几百公里远的晚白垩世/早第三纪活动板块边界，没有受到该时期的主要构造事件。这些数据也反映了早在晚白垩世和始新世就已经存在埃拉托斯特尼构造高点。ODP数据证实，非洲-安纳托利亚板块边界被重新激活的塞浦路斯弧，塞浦路斯和埃拉托斯特尼结构之间，在中新世晚期，通过俯冲的残余海洋岩石圈的中生代新特提斯塞浦路斯之下。第160航次的数据证实，埃拉托色尼海山和周围洼地内没有梅西尼亚的碳酸盐岩。类似的数据使我们推断，这一地区形成了一个墨西拿岛，在后墨西拿时代下沉。后墨西拿沉降形成了海山和周围的天然护城河，它们又叠加在埃拉托色尼构造高地上。中新世-上新世的俯冲沿着塞浦路斯弧转变为塞浦路斯和埃拉托色尼结构之间的碰撞后，从这个结合处消除海洋岩石圈。塞浦路斯-埃拉托色尼碰撞在1.5 - 2 Ma左右触发了塞浦路斯南部的极端隆升。塞浦路斯的脉冲式隆起，显然伴随着埃拉托塞尼地区的脉冲式沉降，标志着东地中海大陆碰撞的初期。因此，埃拉托色尼海山可能是早期大陆碰撞的前锋，是研究该地区碰撞过程的最佳候选者。
We compare earlier works, based on available geophysical data and plate kinematic considerations, about the origin and evolution of the Eratosthenes structure within the Eastern Mediterranean tectonic framework, with data from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 160. The model under discussion is supported by the ODP data regarding the late evolution of the Eratosthenes Seamount; however, deeper drilling is needed for better understanding of the early history of this structure. Analysis of the available seismic reflection, seismic refraction, and magnetic data in view of the regional geologic history suggests that the deep structure of the Eratosthenes Seamount originated in early Mesozoic time. The ODP data confirm that the Eratosthenes structure, which was located a few hundred kilometers away from the Late Cretaceous/early Tertiary active plate boundary, was not affected by the major tectonic events of that period. The data also reflect the existence of the Eratosthenes structural high already in Late Cretaceous and Eocene times. The ODP data corroborate that the Africa-Anatolia plate boundary was reactivated as the Cypriot Arc, between Cyprus and the Eratosthenes structure, in the late Miocene, through subduction of remnant oceanic lithosphere of the Mesozoic Neotethys beneath Cyprus. The absence of Messinian evaporites on the Eratosthenes Seamount and within the surrounding depression was confirmed by Leg 160 data. Similar data led us to infer that this area formed a Messinian island, which subsided in post-Messinian time. The post-Messinian subsidence shaped the seamount and surrounding natural moat, which in turn are superimposed on the Eratosthenes structural high. The Miocene‐Pliocene subduction along the Cypriot Arc changed into collision between Cyprus and the Eratosthenes structure after the elimination of oceanic lithosphere from this junction. The Cyprus-Eratosthenes collision triggered the extreme uplift of southern Cyprus at about 1.5 -2 Ma. Pulsed uplift of Cyprus, apparently accompanied by pulsed subsidence of the Eratosthenes area, marks incipient continental collision in the Eastern Mediterranean. The Eratosthenes Seamount, therefore, is the possible spearhead of incipient continental collision and is the best candidate for the study of colli sional processes in this area.