The Memory Function of Noradrenergic Activity in Non-REM Sleep
The Memory Function of Noradrenergic Activity in Non-REM Sleep
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn.2011.21622
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Born, Jan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gais, Steffen;Rasch, Bjoern;Born, Jan
长期以来，有一种假设认为，睡眠中去甲肾上腺素的低活动主要反映了这种大脑状态下的低唤醒。然而，最近的研究表明，蓝斑是皮质去甲肾上腺素的主要来源，在非快速眼动睡眠中表现出离散的强烈放电周期，没有任何觉醒的迹象。睡眠中这种短暂的蓝斑激活似乎是对之前的学习相关事件的反应。在目前的研究中，我们使用α2-自身受体激动剂可乐定或去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂瑞波西汀来操纵人类睡眠中的去甲肾上腺素能活动。我们发现，在睡眠中减少去甲肾上腺素的活动，而不是在清醒时，会损害随后在气味识别任务中的记忆表现。相反，在睡眠中增加去甲肾上腺素的可获得性会增强记忆的保持。我们得出结论，在非REM睡眠中，去甲肾上腺素能活动与其他睡眠相关机制相互作用，在功能上有助于脱机记忆巩固。
There is a long-standing assumption that low noradrenergic activity during sleep reflects mainly the low arousal during this brain state. Nevertheless, recent research has demonstrated that the locus coeruleus, which is the main source of cortical noradrenaline, displays discrete periods of intense firing during non-REM sleep, without any signs of awakening. This transient locus coeruleus activation during sleep seems to occur in response to preceding learning-related episodes. In the present study, we manipulate noradrenergic activity during sleep in humans with either the alpha 2-autoreceptor agonist clonidine or the noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor reboxetine. We show that reducing noradrenergic activity during sleep, but not during wakefulness, impairs subsequent memory performance in an odor recognition task. Increasing noradrenergic availability during sleep, in contrast, enhances memory retention. We conclude that noradrenergic activity during non-REM sleep interacts with other sleep-related mechanisms to functionally contribute to off-line memory consolidation.