Rain and the city: Pathways to mainstreaming rainwater harvesting in Berlin
Rain and the city: Pathways to mainstreaming rainwater harvesting in Berlin
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雨与城市：柏林雨水收集主流化之路
DOI：
10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.01.010
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Ourania Papasozomenou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Soler;T. Moss;Ourania Papasozomenou
雨水收集长期以来一直是有抱负的可持续城市的标准剧目的一部分。在地球仪各地的工业化城市中有许多成功的试点项目，说明了雨水就地保留、渗透和利用的多重好处。然而，事实证明，从利基市场到主流市场的飞跃在很大程度上是难以捉摸的。最近的研究从不利的体制环境和顽固的社会技术制度方面对这种阻碍过渡的现象作出了重要的解释。然而，很少有人注意到雨水收集的城市层面。尽管有许多关于城市雨水收集的案例研究，但我们对“城市”如何塑造雨水管理政策和实践以及如何被雨水管理政策和实践塑造知之甚少。本文借鉴了人文地理学和城市研究的最新成果，以阐明雨水收集和城市之间的动态相互作用。以这种技术的早期先驱柏林市为案例研究，对该市为促进雨水收集而实施的政策和项目进行了长期分析。该论文的调查结果表明，过去30年来，不仅所应用的工具和制定的计划存在巨大差异，而且政治动机和优先事项也存在巨大差异。这是解释空间和时间方面的变化背景和偶发事件在（和超越）柏林。本文认为，一个更细致入微的理解如何“城市”渗透到一般的社会技术转型，特别是重新配置雨水管理的途径。
Rainwater harvesting has long been part of the standard repertoire of the aspiring sustainable city. The multiple benefits of on–site retention, infiltration and use of rainwater have been illustrated with a plethora of successful pilot projects in industrialized cities across the globe. The leap from niche to mainstream has, however, proved largely elusive. Recent research has provided important explanations for such impeded transitions in terms of unfavourable institutional contexts and obdurate sociotechnical regimes. Little attention has been paid, however, to the urban dimensions of rainwater harvesting. Despite many case studies of rainwater harvesting in cities, we know very little about how the 'urban' shapes, and is shaped by, rainwater management policies and practices. This paper draws on recent contributions to transitions research from human geography and urban studies in order to explicate the dynamic interactions between rainwater harvesting and the city. Taking the city of Berlin – an early pioneer of such technologies – as a case study, it conducts a long-term analysis of the policies and projects implemented to promote rainwater harvesting in the city. The paper's findings demonstrate huge variety regarding not only the instruments applied and schemes developed, but also the political motives and priorities over the past 30 years. This is interpreted spatially and temporally in terms of shifting contexts and contingent events in (and beyond) Berlin. The paper argues for a more nuanced understanding of how the 'urban' permeates sociotechnical transitions in general, and pathways to reconfigure rainwater management in particular.