Transposable elements as sources of variation in animals and plants
Transposable elements as sources of variation in animals and plants
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.94.15.7704
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发表时间：
1997-07-22
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Lisch, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kidwell, MG;Lisch, D
关于转座因子（te）在自然种群中的多样性和分布的大量数据正在积累。毫无疑问，te在一定程度上提供了新的遗传变异，其复杂性是以前无法想象的。有许多突变的例子，以及与移动元件活性相关的遗传变异类型，突变表型范围从组织特异性的细微变化到组织和器官的发育和组织的剧烈变化，这些变化的发生是因为。但是更复杂的te介导的变化更经常是插入到5'侧翼区域和内含子的结果。在这里，te诱导的变异是从三个并不相互排斥的进化角度来看待的。首先，检查由TE活性固有寄生性质引起的变异。其次，我们描述了由于选择而进化的元件与宿主之间可能的协同适应，以减少新插入对宿主适应性的有害影响。最后，我们探讨了一些可能的情况，其中te产生变异的能力已被宿主利用。元件序列似乎赋予寄主有用性状的充分记录的案例数量，虽然很少，但正在迅速增长。
A tremendous wealth of data is accumulating on the variety and distribution of transposable elements (TEs) in natural populations. There is little doubt that TEs provide new genetic variation on a scale, and with a degree of sophistication, previously unimagined, There are many examples or mutations and of her types of genetic variation associated with the activity of mobile elements, Mutant phenotypes range from subtle changes in tissue specificity to dramatic alterations in the development and organization of tissues and organs, Such changes ran occur because of. insertions in coding regions, but the more sophisticated TE-mediated changes are mort often the result of insertions into 5' Flanking regions and introns. Here, TE-induced variation is viewed from three evolutionary perspectives that are not mutually exclusive. First, variation resulting from the intrinsic parasitic nature of TE activity is examined. Second, we describe possible coadaptions between elements and their hosts that appear io have evolved because of selection to reduce the deleterious effects of new insertions on host fitness, Finally, some possible cases are explored in which the capacity of TEs to generate variation has been exploited by their hosts. The number of well documented cases in which element sequences appear to confer useful traits on the host, although small, is growing rapidly.