Higher Intakes of Fruits and Vegetables, β-Carotene, Vitamin C, α-Tocopherol, EPA, and DHA Are Positively Associated with Periodontal Healing after Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy in Nonsmokers but Not in Smokers
Higher Intakes of Fruits and Vegetables, β-Carotene, Vitamin C, α-Tocopherol, EPA, and DHA Are Positively Associated with Periodontal Healing after Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy in Nonsmokers but Not in Smokers
复制标题
DOI：
10.3945/jn.115.211524
复制
发表时间：
2015-11-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Ward, Wendy E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dodington, David W.;Fritz, Peter C.;Ward, Wendy E.
背景：牙周炎是一种慢性炎症性疾病，是牙齿脱落的重要危险因素。尽管饮食与牙周健康之间存在联系，但饮食与牙周治疗后愈合之间的关系仍有待研究。目的：目的是确定较高的水果和蔬菜摄入量或具有抗氧化或抗炎活性的营养素是否与更大的愈合相关，以减少的探诊深度（PD）衡量，在洗牙和根面平整（SRP）后，这是一种控制牙周疾病和预防牙齿脱落的经济有效的治疗方法。方法：患者（163 名非吸烟者，23 名吸烟者）患有慢性广泛性牙周炎且正在接受 SRP 的患者参加了研究。根据 PD 评估愈合情况，在基线和 SRP 后 8-16 周进行评估。使用 Block 2005 食物频率调查问卷和补充调查问卷估算水果、蔬菜、β-胡萝卜素、维生素 C、α-生育酚、α-亚麻酸 (ALA)、二十碳五烯酸 (EPA) 和二十二碳六烯酸 (DHA) 的摄入量。还测量了血清 25-羟基维生素 D 浓度。 PD（%位点>3毫米）通过摄入量三分位的多元线性回归和协方差分析进行建模，并根据年龄、性别、体重指数（BMI）、基线PD、检查者、牙龈出血和研究持续时间进行调整。结果：在非吸烟者中，PD与水果和蔬菜、β-胡萝卜素、维生素C、α-生育酚、EPA和DHA摄入量相关（P < 0.05）。 PD 与 ALA 摄入量或血清 25-羟基维生素 D 浓度没有显着相关性。包括补充剂（β-胡萝卜素、维生素 C、α-生育酚）在内的显着关联被减弱或消失，具体取决于所使用的统计模型。吸烟者组内没有显着相关性。结论：水果和蔬菜、β-胡萝卜素、维生素 C、α-生育酚、EPA 和 DHA 的饮食摄入量与患有慢性全身性牙周炎的非吸烟者（而非吸烟者）SRP 后 PD 的减少有关。这些发现可能会导致饮食策略的制定，以优化牙周手术后的愈合。
Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease and a significant risk factor for tooth loss. Although a link between diet and periodontal health exists, the relation between diet and healing after periodontal therapy has yet to be investigated.Objective: The objective was to determine whether higher intakes of fruits and vegetables or nutrients with antioxidant or anti-inflammatory activity are associated with greater healing, measured as reduced probing depth (PD), after scaling and root planing (SRP), a cost-effective treatment to manage periodontal disease and prevent tooth loss.Methods: Patients 163 nonsmokers, 23 smokers) with chronic generalized periodontitis who were undergoing SRP participated. Healing was evaluated based on PD, assessed at baseline and 8-16 wk after SRP. Intakes of fruits, vegetables, beta-carotene, vitamin C, alpha-tocopherol, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were estimated using the Block 2005 food frequency questionnaire and a supplement questionnaire. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were also measured. PD (% sites >3 mm) was modeled in multiple linear regression and analysis of covariance by tertile of intake and adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BM I), baseline PD, examiner, gingival bleeding, and study duration.Results: In nonsmokers, PD was associated with fruit and vegetable, beta-carotene, vitamin C, alpha-tocopherol, EPA, and DHA intakes (P < 0.05). PD was not significantly associated with ALA intake or serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration. Significant associations that included supplements (beta-carotene, vitamin C, alpha-tocopherol) were attenuated or lost, depending on the statistical model used. There were no significant associations within the group of smokers.Conclusions: Dietary intakes of fruits and vegetables, beta-carotene, vitamin C, alpha-tocopherol, EPA, and DHA are associated with reduced PD after SRP in nonsmokers, but not smokers, with chronic generalized periodontitis. These findings may lead to the development of dietary strategies to optimize healing after periodontal procedures.