Economic inequality and mobility in kinetic models for social sciences
Economic inequality and mobility in kinetic models for social sciences
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DOI：
10.1140/epjst/e2015-50117-8
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发表时间：
2016-10-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Modanese, Giovanni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bertotti, Maria Letizia;Modanese, Giovanni
对一个社会的经济流动性进行统计评估比对收入分配进行计量更困难，因为这需要跟踪个人收入至少一代或两代人的演变情况。在基于动力学方程的微观到宏观经济交换理论模型中，收入分配仅取决于渐近均衡解，而流动性估计还涉及模型转移概率的详细结构，因此是评估其有效性的重要工具。经验数据表明，经济不平等与流动性之间存在着显著的普遍负相关，但其原因尚不清楚。因此，在分析模型中研究这种相关性特别有趣。在以前的工作中，我们研究了基尼不平等指数在动力学模型中的行为依赖于几个参数，这些参数定义了二元相互作用以及税收和再分配过程：储蓄倾向，税率差距，逃税率，福利手段测试等。在这里，我们通过分析相同参数的流动性依赖来检查流动性与不平等的相关性。通过几个数值解的比较，证实了相关性是负的。
Statistical evaluations of the economic mobility of a society are more difficult than measurements of the income distribution, because they require to follow the evolution of the individuals' income for at least one or two generations. In micro-to-macro theoretical models of economic exchanges based on kinetic equations, the income distribution depends only on the asymptotic equilibrium solutions, while mobility estimates also involve the detailed structure of the transition probabilities of the model, and are thus an important tool for assessing its validity. Empirical data show a remarkably general negative correlation between economic inequality and mobility, whose explanation is still unclear. It is therefore particularly interesting to study this correlation in analytical models. In previous work we investigated the behavior of the Gini inequality index in kinetic models in dependence on several parameters which define the binary interactions and the taxation and redistribution processes: saving propensity, taxation rates gap, tax evasion rate, welfare means-testing etc. Here, we check the correlation of mobility with inequality by analyzing the mobility dependence from the same parameters. According to several numerical solutions, the correlation is confirmed to be negative.