Polymerization of Cumulated Bonds: Isocyanates, Allenes, and Ketenes as Monomers
Polymerization of Cumulated Bonds: Isocyanates, Allenes, and Ketenes as Monomers
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DOI：
10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00396
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发表时间：
2020-07-21
影响因子：
7.015
通讯作者：
Pentzer, Emily B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mitchell, Sarah M.;Sachinthani, K. A. Niradha;Pentzer, Emily B.
聚合物化学提供了令人兴奋的机会，通过控制聚合物的组成及其彼此之间、添加剂和表面之间的相互作用来定制软材料的性能。聚合物材料合成的不断进步证明了对具有定制特性的材料的驱动力，以增强下一代材料和设备的性能。可在链增长聚合中充当单体的一类小分子是一般形式 X=Y=Z 的累积双键。这些分子中最常见的三类是异氰酸酯 (N=C=O)、丙二烯 (C=C=C) 和烯酮 (C=C=O)，每种分子都已在各种条件下作为单体进行了研究。如果区域反应性受到控制，累积双键的两个π键的正交性（即缺乏共轭）使得能够从单个单体形成不同的聚合物主链。本观点概述了这三个累积双键作为单体的用途，说明了已建立的聚合方法的成功和当前的局限性。然后，我们对累积双键作为单体用于生成定制聚合物组合物的未来进行了展望。
Polymer chemistry offers exciting opportunities to tailor the properties of soft materials through control of the composition of the polymers and their interaction with each other, additives, and surfaces. Ongoing advances in the synthesis of polymeric materials demonstrate the drive for materials with tailored properties for enhanced performance in the next generation of materials and devices. One class of small molecules that can serve as monomers in chain growth polymerization are cumulated double bonds of the general form X=Y=Z. The three most common classes of these molecules are isocyanates (N=C=O), allenes (C=C=C), and ketenes (C=C=O), each of which has been explored as monomers under a variety of conditions. The orthogonality of the two pi bonds of the cumulated double bonds (i.e., lack of conjugation) enables the formation of different polymer backbones from a single monomer, provided the regioreactivity is controlled. This Viewpoint outlines the use of these three cumulated double bonds as monomers, illustrating success and current limitations to established polymerization methods. We then provide an outlook to the future of cumulated double bonds as monomers for the generation of tailored polymer compositions.