DYNAMIC HABITAT SELECTION BY TWO WADING BIRD SPECIES WITH DIVERGENT FORAGING STRATEGIES IN A SEASONALLY FLUCTUATING WETLAND
DYNAMIC HABITAT SELECTION BY TWO WADING BIRD SPECIES WITH DIVERGENT FORAGING STRATEGIES IN A SEASONALLY FLUCTUATING WETLAND
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DOI：
10.1525/auk.2011.10165
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Cook, Mark I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beerens, James M.;Gawlik, Dale E.;Cook, Mark I.
繁殖季节食物供应的季节性和年度变化对许多鸟类的种群动态起着重要作用。在湿地等高度动态的生态系统中，寻找和开发食物资源需要灵活的行为反应，这可能会产生不同的种群趋势，这些趋势会随着物种的觅食策略而变化。我们量化动态觅食栖息地的选择繁殖和放射性标记的白色朱鹭（Eudocimus albus）和大白鹭（Ardea alba）在佛罗里达大沼泽地，在那里的食物资源的波动是明显的，因为季节性干燥和洪水。白色朱鹭是一种触觉上的“剥削”物种，在人口下降，专门对高度集中的猎物，而大白鹭，在不断增长的人口，是一个视觉上的“剥削”物种，需要较低的猎物浓度。在一年的高粮食供应，资源选择功能，这两个物种包括变量，改变了多年的时间尺度，并与猎物产量增加。在食物供应量低的年份，资源选择函数包括短期变量，这些变量集中在猎物（例如，水分衰退率和干燥模式的逆转），这表明了对不良觅食条件的适应性反应。在这两年中，白色朱鹭在栖息地的使用方面比大白鹭受到更多的限制。实时物种栖息地适宜性模型的开发，以监测和评估这两个物种的空间明确的栖息地资源的日常可用性和质量。模型，通过使用独立的观察后报评估，表明栖息地的使用更专业的白色朱鹭更准确地预测比更通才的大白鹭。2010年7月6日收到，2011年7月2日接受。
Seasonal and annual variation in food availability during the breeding season plays an influential role in the population dynamics of many avian species. In highly dynamic ecosystems like wetlands, finding and exploiting food resources requires a flexible behavioral response that may produce different population trends that vary with a species' foraging strategy. We quantified dynamic foraging-habitat selection by breeding and radiotagged White Ibises (Eudocimus albus) and Great Egrets (Ardea alba) in the Florida Everglades, where fluctuation in food resources is pronounced because of seasonal drying and flooding. The White Ibis is a tactile "searcher" species in population decline that specializes on highly concentrated prey, whereas the Great Egret, in a growing population, is a visual "exploiter" species that requires lower prey concentrations. In a year with high food availability, resource-selection functions for both species included variables that changed over multiannual time scales and were associated with increased prey production. In a year with low food availability, resource-selection functions included short-term variables that concentrated prey (e.g., water recession rates and revusals in drying pattern), which suggests an adaptive response to poor foraging conditions. In both years, the White Ibis was more restricted in its use of habitats than the Great Egret. Real-time species habitat suitability models were developed to monitor and assess the daily availability and quality of spatially explicit habitat resources for both species. The models, evaluated through hindcasting using independent observations, demonstrated that habitat use of the more specialized White Ibis was more accurately predicted than that of the more generalist Great Egret. Received 6 July 2010, accepted 2 July 2011.