Targeting the 18-kDa translocator protein: recent perspectives for neuroprotection
Targeting the 18-kDa translocator protein: recent perspectives for neuroprotection
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DOI：
10.1042/bst20150028
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发表时间：
2015-08-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Martini, Claudia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Da Pozzo, Eleonora;Giacomelli, Chiara;Martini, Claudia
转位蛋白(TSPO，18 kDa)主要定位于类固醇合成组织的线粒体膜外膜，参与多种细胞功能。据报道，在许多人类疾病中，特别是在癌症、精神和神经疾病中，TSPO水平发生了变化。在中枢神经系统(CNS)中，TSPO通常表达于神经胶质细胞，也表达于某些神经细胞。有趣的是，脑损伤后神经胶质细胞上TSPO的表达增加，在神经系统疾病、神经胶质瘤、脑炎和创伤中经常观察到TSPO的表达增加。由于TSPO在脑部疾病中表达上调，针对TSPO的几种不同结构的配体已被描述为潜在的诊断或治疗药物。最近的研究报道，TSPO配体可能在治疗脑部疾病方面有价值。本文综述了目前可用的TSPO配体，作为治疗神经退行性变、神经炎症和神经创伤的有用工具。
The translocator protein (TSPO, 18 kDa), mainly localized in the outer mitochondrial membrane of steroidogenic tissues, is involved in several cellular functions. TSPO level alterations have been reported in a number of human disorders, particularly in cancer, psychiatric and neurological diseases. In the central nervous system (CNS), TSPO is usually expressed in glial cells, but also in some neuronal cell types. Interestingly, the expression of TSPO on glial cells rises after brain injury and increased TSPO expression is often observed in neurological disorders, gliomas, encephalitis and traumatic injury. Since TSPO is up-regulated in brain diseases, several structurally different classes of ligands targeting TSPO have been described as potential diagnostic or therapeutic agents. Recent researches have reported that TSPO ligands might be valuable in the treatment of brain diseases. This review focuses on currently available TSPO ligands, as useful tools for the treatment of neurodegeneration, neuro-inflammation and neurotrauma.