Land and Sea Tenure at Erub, Torres Strait: Property, Sovereignty and the Adjudication of Cultural Continuity
Land and Sea Tenure at Erub, Torres Strait: Property, Sovereignty and the Adjudication of Cultural Continuity
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托雷斯海峡埃鲁布的土地和海洋权属：财产、主权和文化连续性的裁决
DOI：
10.1002/j.1834-4461.1999.tb02998.x
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Mulrennan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Scott;M. Mulrennan
接近财产的社会实践，和土著，民族志，和法律的话语的汇合土著所有权，我们解决两个主题：第一，国家的“财产”从“管辖权”的划分的民族中心主义，适用于否认土著社会的实践，后者;第二，固有的矛盾，在土著法律和习俗的连续性和不连续性的司法评价。
我们探讨了“家”的关系，在Erub，岛屿，珊瑚礁和海洋构成了一个文化和体验的连续体的任期。涉及各种物质/象征资源的权利涉及排斥原则和互惠互利原则之间的动态紧张关系。如何平衡更具体的权利和更集体的权利的问题，是在发挥每一个嵌套更多的地方到更具包容性的社会-领土身份：从家庭和血统，通过岛屿社区，次区域岛屿群体，和托雷斯海峡区域，以封装国家和不断发展的国际秩序。
在埃鲁卜，一个长期以来被视为托雷斯海峡克里奥尔化先锋的岛屿社区，新来者基本上已经被土著人的土地和海洋占有权和权威制度所同化。人民与领土之间的联系是一种社会特性和利益对政治机会作出反应的复杂做法，其依据是随着创新的进行而表现出与土著安排实质上和可追溯的连续性的文化形式。这种连续性似乎足以满足Mabo案裁决中所阐明的承认土著产权的标准，但这些标准本身的基础过于狭窄，无法适应不断演变的文化和传统的过程动态。根据岛民同意在其家园/海域开展发展活动的原则，重新安排领土管辖权，将为文化自治提供更可靠的条件。
Approaching property as social practice, and native title as a confluence of indigenous, ethnographic, and legal discourses, we address two themes: firstly, the ethnocentrism of the state's division of ‘property’ from ‘jurisdiction,’; applied to deny indigenous societies' practice of the latter; and secondly, the contradictions inherent in judicial evaluation of continuity and discontinuity in indigenous law and custom.
We explore the relationship of ‘home place’ to tenure at Erub, where island, reef and ocean comprise a cultural and experiential continuum. Rights across a full spectrum of material/symbolic resources involve a dynamic tension between principles of exclusion and incorporative reciprocity. The issue of how to balance more particular against more collective rights is at play with each nesting of more local into more inclusive socio-territorial identities: from households and lineages, through island communities, sub-regional island groups, and Torres Strait regionally, to the encapsulating state and evolving international orders.
At Erub, an island community long regarded as a vanguard of creolization for Torres Strait, newcomers have by-and-large been assimilated to indigenous systems of land- and sea-holding and authority. The connection between people and territory is a complex practice of social identities and interests responding to political opportunity, according to cultural forms that manifest substantial and traceable continuities to indigenous arrangements, as innovation has proceeded. The continuities appear sufficient to satisfy criteria for native title recognition as articulated in the Mabo decision, but the criteria themselves are too narrowly based to accommodate the processual dynamics of evolving culture and tradition. A reordering of territorial jurisdiction, predicated on the principle of Islander consent to development activities in their homelands/seas, would provide more authentic conditions for cultural autonomy.