Statistical analysis of molecular epidemiology studies employing case-series.
Statistical analysis of molecular epidemiology studies employing case-series.
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发表时间：
1994-03
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通讯作者：
Cohn Begg;Zuo‐Feng Zhang
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作者：
Cohn Begg;Zuo‐Feng Zhang
病例系列设计越来越多地用于探索环境风险因素和遗传标记之间的关联。事实证明，病例系列研究得出的比值比是发生标记物阳性疾病的相对风险与发生标记物阴性疾病的相对风险之比。该参数是所研究危险因素病因学异质性的经验表现，可用于构建统计显着性检验。病因学异质性的存在（反映为该参数与统一的偏离）可能是由于两类病例存在不同的因果机制，或者是通过相同机制产生不同强度的影响。病例系列方法代表了一种评估基因-环境关联的高效且有效的方法，特别是在难以确定有效对照组的转诊中心。
The case-series design is being used increasingly to explore associations between environmental risk factors and genetic markers. It is demonstrated that the odds ratio derived from a case-series study is the ratio of the relative risk for developing marker-positive disease to the relative risk for developing marker-negative disease. This parameter is an empirical manifestation of etiological heterogeneity with respect to the risk factor under study, and it can be used to construct a statistical significance test. Presence of etiological heterogeneity, as reflected in departures of this parameter from unity, could be a result of either the presence of distinct causal mechanisms for the two categories of cases, or a different strength of effect via the same mechanism. The case-series approach represents an efficient and valid approach for evaluating gene-environment associations, especially in referral centers where it is difficult to identify a valid control group.