Cynical hostility relates to a lack of habituation of the cardiovascular response to repeated acute stress.
Cynical hostility relates to a lack of habituation of the cardiovascular response to repeated acute stress.
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DOI：
10.1111/psyp.13681
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发表时间：
2020-09
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
A. Tyra;Ryan C. Brindle;B. Hughes;Annie T. Ginty
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Tyra;Ryan C. Brindle;B. Hughes;Annie T. Ginty
敌意与心血管疾病的风险增加有关。心血管对心理压力的反应性升高被认为是一种潜在的机制。最近的工作强调了需要测量多种压力暴露下的心血管反应性，以评估随时间推移的潜在习惯性。本研究的目的是（a）检查敌意的三个主要组成部分（即，情绪、认知和行为）和心血管反应性，以及（B）检查敌意成分和心血管反应性习惯化之间的关系。这项研究利用了以前从匹兹堡寒冷研究3收集的数据。196名受试者（平均（SD）[范围]年龄= 29.9（10.8）[18-55]岁，42.9%女性，67.3%白人）完成了2个单独的、相同的实验室检查，包括20分钟基线和15分钟应激（Trier社会应激试验）。全程记录心率和收缩压/舒张压。分别计算心率、收缩压和舒张压（应激-基线）的反应性。参与者还完成了一个修改版的库克混合泳敌意量表。结果表明，更大的认知敌意（即，犬儒主义）与第1次访视时心血管反应迟钝和两次访视之间心血管反应习惯化程度较低相关，即使控制了混杂变量。没有发现心血管反应性或习惯性与情绪（即，敌对情绪）或行为（即，攻击性响应）成分。完全敌对的结果没有生存调整混杂因素。这些结果确定了一个潜在的途径，通过它的敌意，特别是玩世不恭，有助于疾病的风险。
Hostility is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Heightened cardiovascular reactivity to psychological stress has been proposed as a potential mechanism. Recent work has emphasized a need to measure cardiovascular reactivity across multiple stress exposures to assess potential habituation over time. The aims of the current study were (a) to examine the relationship between each of the three main components of hostility (i.e., emotional, cognitive, and behavioral) and cardiovascular reactivity at two separate stress testing visits and (b) to examine the relationship between hostility components and cardiovascular reactivity habituation. This study utilized previously collected data from the Pittsburgh Cold Study 3. One hundred and ninety-six participants (Mean (SD)[range] age = 29.9 (10.8)[18-55] years, 42.9% female, 67.3% Caucasian) completed 2 separate, identical laboratory sessions, consisting of a 20-min baseline and 15-min stress (Trier Social Stress Test). Heart rate and systolic/diastolic blood pressure were recorded throughout. Reactivity was calculated separately for heart rate, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure (stress-baseline). Participants also completed a modified version of the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale. Results indicated that greater cognitive hostility (i.e., cynicism) was associated with blunted cardiovascular reactivity at Visit 1 and less cardiovascular reactivity habituation between visits, even when controlling for confounding variables. No significant relationships to cardiovascular reactivity or habituation were found for emotional (i.e., hostile affect) or behavioral (i.e., aggressive responding) components. Outcomes for total hostility did not survive adjustment for confounders. These results identify a potential pathway through which hostility, particularly cynicism, contributes to disease risk.