Im/migration, Work, and Health: Anthropology and the Occupational Health of Labor Im/migrants
Im/migration, Work, and Health: Anthropology and the Occupational Health of Labor Im/migrants
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DOI：
10.1111/awr.12151
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发表时间：
2018-12-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Flynn, Michael A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Flynn, Michael A.
从 1848 年 Rudolf Virchow 对煤矿工人斑疹伤寒的开创性调查（Brown 和 Fee 2006）到世界卫生组织 2008 年采用健康的社会决定因素（WHO 2008）范式，工作与健康之间的关系对于当今人类学中发现的健康和福祉社会方法的发展至关重要（Abrams 2001；Brown 和 Fee 2006；农夫等人，2006 年；辛格等人，1992 年。同时，移民的工作条件在美国将职业健康确立为一个领域的早期研究和活动中占有重要地位（Abrams 2001）。 1 例如，本杰明·麦克雷迪 (Benjamin McReady) 于 1837 年撰写的第一份关于美国工作与健康关系的出版物主要关注在连接东海岸与五大湖的运河和铁路系统上工作的爱尔兰移民/移民 (Abrams 2001)。 1911 年，纽约市在确保美国更安全工作条件的努力中出现了一个历史性转折点，当时在三角衬衫公司 (Triangle Shirtwaist Company) 火灾中丧生的工人中，移民/移民妇女占大多数。在同一时期，美国职业医学的创始人爱丽丝·汉密尔顿（Alice Hamilton）博士将其早期职业生涯的大部分时间用于研究和治疗与工作相关的疾病以及她通过与芝加哥赫尔豪斯简·亚当斯（Jane Addams）的交往认识的移民/移民工人的状况（Abrams 2001）。
From Rudolf Virchow’s groundbreaking investigation of typhus among coal miners in 1848 (Brown and Fee 2006) through the World Health Organization’s adoption of the social determinants of health (WHO 2008) paradigm in 2008, the relationship between work and health has been fundamental to the development of a social approach to health and wellbeing found in anthropology today (Abrams 2001; Brown and Fee 2006; Farmer et al. 2006; Singer et al. 1992). Concurrently, the working conditions of im/migrants figured prominently in the early studies and events establishing occupational health as a field in the United States (Abrams 2001). 1 For example, the first publication on the relationship between work and health in the United States, written by Benjamin McReady in 1837, focused on Irish im/migrants working on the canal and rail systems connecting the Eastern seaboard with the Great Lakes (Abrams 2001). A historic turning point in the effort to securing safer working conditions in the United States occurred in New York City in 1911 when im/migrant women made up the majority of workers killed in the fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company. In the same time period, Dr. Alice Hamilton, the founder of occupational medicine in the United States, spent much of her early career studying and treating work-related diseases and conditions of im/migrant workers she met through her association with Jane Addams at the Hull-House in Chicago (Abrams 2001).