Drosophila as a Model for Diabetes and Diseases of Insulin Resistance.
Drosophila as a Model for Diabetes and Diseases of Insulin Resistance.
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DOI：
10.1016/bs.ctdb.2016.07.011
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pick L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Graham P;Pick L
尽管胰岛素信号通路在人类疾病中的重要性，但最初的担忧是昆虫的生理和糖代谢与人类有很大的不同，果蝇不能作为人类疾病的模型，这阻碍了这一领域的研究。然而，在过去的10-15年里，越来越多的证据表明，苍蝇确实可以模拟糖尿病和相关人类疾病的各个方面。这类疾病影响胰岛素和胰岛素信号通路，近年来在许多优秀的综述文章中讨论了这一领域。在本章中，我们将重点放在果蝇中糖尿病相关疾病模型的具体例子上，并根据昆虫和哺乳动物生理上的异同来讨论这些模型的优点和局限性。我们讨论了果蝇和哺乳动物之间共享的代谢和糖调节特征，以及1型和2型糖尿病、代谢综合征和相关异常（包括胰岛素抵抗和心脏病）的特定果蝇模型。我们的结论是，糖尿病和相关疾病的苍蝇模型增强了我们识别基因和识别可用于疾病干预的功能相互作用的能力。
Despite the importance of insulin signaling pathways in human disease, initial concerns that insect physiology and sugar metabolism differ enough from humans that flies would not model human disease hampered research in this area. However, during the past 10–15 years, evidence has accumulated that flies can indeed model various aspects of diabetes and related human disorders. This cluster of diseases impact insulin and insulin signaling pathways, fields which have been discussed in many excellent review articles in recent years. In this chapter, we restrict our focus to specific examples of diabetes-related disease models in Drosophila, discussing the advantages and limitations of these models in light of physiological similarities and differences between insects and mammals. We discuss features of metabolism and sugar regulation that are shared between flies and mammals, and specific Drosophila models for Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, Metabolic syndrome, and related abnormalities including insulin resistance and heart disease. We conclude that fly models for diabetes and related disorders enhance our ability to identify genes and discern functional interactions that can be exploited for disease intervention.