The terminal branches of the medial femoral circumflex artery THE ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF THE FEMORAL HEAD
The terminal branches of the medial femoral circumflex artery THE ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF THE FEMORAL HEAD
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DOI：
10.1302/0301-620x.97b9.34704
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Lorich, D. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lazaro, L. E.;Klinger, C. E.;Lorich, D. G.
本研究探讨并定义了供应股骨头（FH）的旋股内侧动脉（MFCA）末端分支的地形解剖学。对14个新鲜冷冻尸体进行大体解剖，以确定MFCA末端分支的囊外和囊内路线。从横向MFCA（支持带下动脉；IRA）发出的恒定分支穿过颈前下水平的囊，然后斜向囊壁的纤维延伸（Weitbrecht下视网膜），从颈部升高至股骨头颈后下连接处。这条血管平均有5个（3到9个）末端分支，其中大多数向后穿透。从上升MFCA的分支进入股包膜附着体后方，深入滑膜，穿过颈部，并终止于两个分支。MFCA深部穿透股后上囊。一旦进入囊内，它分为平均6个（4 - 9个）末梢分支，深入滑膜，在Weitbrecht上视网膜内，其中80%在后方。我们的研究确定了血管的确切解剖位置，这些血管起源于MFCA并供应FH。股骨颈与股骨颈的距离较高，可在股骨颈骨折时保护其不受损伤。我们提出的血管“危险区域”，可能有助于避免医源性血管损伤在手术干预髋关节。
This study investigates and defines the topographic anatomy of the medial femoral circumflex artery (MFCA) terminal branches supplying the femoral head (FH). Gross dissection of 14 fresh-frozen cadaveric hips was undertaken to determine the extra and intracapsular course of the MFCA's terminal branches. A constant branch arising from the transverse MFCA (inferior retinacular artery; IRA) penetrates the capsule at the level of the anteroinferior neck, then courses obliquely within the fibrous prolongation of the capsule wall (inferior retinacula of Weitbrecht), elevated from the neck, to the posteroinferior femoral head-neck junction. This vessel has a mean of five (three to nine) terminal branches, of which the majority penetrate posteriorly. Branches from the ascending MFCA entered the femoral capsular attachment posteriorly, running deep to the synovium, through the neck, and terminating in two branches. The deep MFCA penetrates the posterosuperior femoral capsular. Once intracapsular, it divides into a mean of six (four to nine) terminal branches running deep to the synovium, within the superior retinacula of Weitbrecht of which 80% are posterior. Our study defines the exact anatomical location of the vessels, arising from the MFCA and supplying the FH. The IRA is in an elevated position from the femoral neck and may be protected from injury during fracture of the femoral neck. We present vascular 'danger zones' that may help avoid iatrogenic vascular injury during surgical interventions about the hip.