microRNAs: Promising Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets of Acute Myocardial Ischemia
microRNAs: Promising Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets of Acute Myocardial Ischemia
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DOI：
10.2174/15701611113119990011
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Capogrossi, Maurizio C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fasanaro, Pasquale;D'Alessandra, Yuri;Capogrossi, Maurizio C.
MicroRNAs(MiRNAs)是一种非编码的小RNA分子，作为基因表达的负调控因子，参与了广泛的生物学功能，并控制着几个细胞过程。本文综述了miRNA在组织对急性缺血反应中的调节和功能，重点介绍了miRNA在急性心肌梗死中的作用，并描述了在心肌缺血时去调节的miRNAs的一个子集。这些miRNAs可能代表“主要的缺血”miRNAs，在组织对缺血反应的不同组成部分中发挥致病作用。此外，还讨论了与心肌梗死相关的循环miRNA，以及与心脏缺血不同的缺血性疾病中miRNA参与的例子。识别特定的miRNAs作为细胞生物学的关键调节因子开辟了新的临床途径，并可能使新的诊断和/或预后工具的开发以及创新的治疗策略成为可能。详细描述了两个范例报告，其中miRNAs已被定位于改善临床前心肌梗死模型的心功能，并证实了这些策略的有效性。
microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNA molecules that act as negative regulators of gene expression, are involved in a wide range of biological functions and control several cellular processes. This review illustrates miRNA regulation and function in tissue response to acute ischemia, focusing on miRNA role in acute myocardial infarction and describing a subset of miRNAs de-regulated upon cardiac ischemia. These miRNAs may represent "master ischemic" miRNAs, playing a pathogenetic role in one of the different components of tissue response to ischemia. Moreover, circulating miRNAs correlated to myocardial infarction and examples of miRNA involvement in ischemic diseases different from cardiac ischemia are also discussed. The identification of specific miRNAs as key regulators of cell biology has opened new clinical avenues, and may allow new diagnostic and/or prognostic tools development, as much as innovative therapeutic strategies. Two paradigmatic reports, in which miRNAs have been targeted to improve cardiac function in pre-clinical models of myocardial infarction, are described in detail and confirmed the efficacy of these strategies.