Effects of stress and shock anticipation on prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex
Effects of stress and shock anticipation on prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8986.1997.tb01737.x
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发表时间：
1997-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Davis, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grillon, C;Davis, M
比较了电击预期和对外部刺激的注意对前脉冲抑制（PPI）的影响。在电击威胁实验中，当预期或未预期厌恶电击时，会出现有或没有前脉冲的声惊吓刺激。在对照实验中，在关注或忽略外部刺激的时期内传递惊吓和前脉冲刺激。在电击威胁实验中，惊吓被增强（恐惧增强惊吓），PPI 因电击预期而增加。在整个实验过程中还发现总体 PPI 逐渐降低。在对照实验中，只有 PPI 在参与条件下增加。 PPI 水平在整个实验过程中保持恒定。威胁和参与条件下 PPI 的增加可能是由于总体警觉性水平的提高，从而促进了前脉冲的处理。假设威胁实验中 PPI 逐渐下降是由于反复预期电击的压力性质导致感觉功能逐渐缺陷所致。
The effects of shock anticipation and attention to external stimuli on prepulse inhibition (PPI) were compared. In the threat-of-shock experiment, acoustic startle stimuli were presented with and without prepulses when aversive shocks were or were not anticipated. In the control experiment, startle and prepulse stimuli were delivered during periods with attended or ignored external stimuli. In the threat-of-shock experiment, startle was potentiated (fear-potentiated startle) and PPI was increased by shock anticipation. A gradual reduction in the overall PPI throughout the experiment was also found. In the control experiment, only PPI was increased in the attend condition. The PPI level remained constant throughout the experiment. The increase in PPI in the threat and attend conditions may have resulted from an increase in the general level of alertness that facilitated the processing of the prepulse. The gradual decrease in PPI in the threat experiment was hypothesized to result from a progressive deficit in sensory functioning due to the stressful nature of repeated shock anticipation.