Dietary supplementation with fermented plant meal enhances growth, antioxidant capacity and expression of TOR signaling pathway genes in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio var. CAS V)
Dietary supplementation with fermented plant meal enhances growth, antioxidant capacity and expression of TOR signaling pathway genes in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio var. CAS V)
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膳食补充发酵植物粉可增强银鲫 (Carassius auratus gibelio var. CAS V) 的生长、抗氧化能力和 TOR 信号通路基因的表达
DOI：
10.1016/j.aqrep.2020.100559
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发表时间：
2021-03-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Liu, Zhen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cao, Shenping;Mo, Peng;Liu, Zhen
本研究评估了在异育银鲫（Carassius auratus gibelio var. CAS V）实用饲料中添加发酵植物粕的营养潜力。发酵植物粕由油菜籽粕（RM）、喷洒玉米皮（SCH）、米糠（RB）、棕榈粕（PM）和豆粕（SM）按30:25:25:15:5的比例混合发酵而成。4种试验饲粮包括基础饲粮（对照饲粮，Con）和3种FPM饲粮（每100 g饲粮中分别在基础饲粮、FPM3、FPM5和FPM8中添加3 g、5 g和8 g FPM）。每种饲料随机分配给3个鱼缸，每个鱼缸25条鱼，体重28.00±0.02 g。每组鱼每天投喂2次，直至明显饱腹，连续投喂60天。结果表明，FPM5组的饲料效率和特定生长率显著高于对照组，但采食率显著低于对照组。FPM5组鱼的肝体指数和脏器体指数显著高于FPM3组。同时，血清抗氧化剂（包括天冬氨酸转氨酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶和丙二醛）和肠道消化酶（包括糜凝胰蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶和淀粉酶）均随饲料中FPM的添加量成比例升高。饲喂FPM5饲料的鱼肝脏中TOR和IGF-1的表达显著高于饲喂对照饲料的鱼。此外，添加8%的FPM显著提高了肝胰腺GH和S6K1的相对mRNA丰度。综上所述，饲料中添加适量FPM可显著提高异育银鲫幼鱼的生长性能、抗氧化能力、消化酶活性和TOR信号通路基因的表达，综合考虑生长性能和抗氧化性能，建议饲料中添加5% FPM。
This study assessed the nutritional potential of supplementing the practical diets for gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio var. CAS V) with a blend of fermented plant meal. The fermented plant meal (FPM) comprised mixed fermentation of rapeseed meal (RM), sprayed corn husk (SCH), rice bran (RB), palm meal (PM) and soybean meal (SM) in the proportion of 30:25:25:15:5. Four experimental diets were including a basal diet (the control diet, Con) and three FPM diets (supplementing 3 g, 5 g and 8 g FPM per 100 g diet in the basal diet, FPM3, FPM5 and FPM8, respectively). Each diet was randomly allotted to triplicate fish tanks where each tank had 25 fish weighing 28.00 +/- 0.02 g. Fish from each group were fed twice per day until apparent satiation for 60 days. From the results, gibel carp from the FPM5 group had significantly higher feed efficiency and specific growth rate despite having significantly lower feeding rate than the control group. Fish from FPM5 group had significantly higher hepatosomatic index and viscera somatic index than those from FPM3 group. Meanwhile, serum antioxidants (including aspartate aminotransferase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde) and intestinal digestive enzymes (including chymotrypsin, trypsin and amylase) of fish increased proportionately to amount of FPM in the diet. Fish fed on FPM5 diet had significantly higher expression of TOR and IGF-1 in the liver than those fed on the control diet. Further, supplemented with 8% of FPM significantly increased the relative mRNA abundance of hepatopancreas GH and S6K1. These results reveal that moderate level of dietary FPM significantly enhanced growth performance, antioxidant capacity, digestive enzymes activities and the expression of TOR signaling pathway genes of juvenile gibel carp, and dietary supplementation of 5% FPM is recommended for the juveniles base on the performance of growth and antioxidant properties.