Dynamic traffic assignment approximating the kinematic wave model: System optimum, marginal costs, externalities and tolls
Dynamic traffic assignment approximating the kinematic wave model: System optimum, marginal costs, externalities and tolls
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近似运动波模型的动态交通分配：系统最优、边际成本、外部性和通行费
DOI：
10.1016/j.trb.2012.01.008
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Carey M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carey M
交通网络的系统边际成本、外部性和最优拥堵收费通常来自系统优化（SO）交通分配模型，当它们被视为随时间变化时，它们被称为动态的。在动态系统优化（DSO）模型中，通常使用所谓的“全链路”模型来模拟链路流量和旅行时间或费用。在这里，我们开发了一个SO模型，更紧密地反映了交通流理论，并从中推导出边际成本和外部性。最广泛接受的交通流模型似乎是LWR（Lighthill，Whitham和理查兹）模型，并且由小区传输模型（CTM）或有限差分近似（FDA）提供了一种易于处理的离散实现或近似。这些处理溢出，交通管制和移动队列的方式是一致的LWR模型，因此与运动波模型和流体流动模型。一个SO制定使用CTM已经可用，假设一个单一的目的地和梯形流量密度函数。我们扩展的配方，使更一般的非线性流密度函数，推导和解释系统的边际成本和外部性。我们表明，如果收费从DSO解决方案计算的用户，然后DSO解决方案也将满足动态用户平衡（DUE）的标准。我们扩展的分析，允许物理或行为的限制，在合并和分流的流入比例的连接流出比例。我们还将该模型扩展到弹性需求，并建立本DSO模型和早期DSO模型之间的联系。
System marginal costs, externalities and optimal congestion tolls for traffic networks are generally derived from system optimising (SO) traffic assignment models and when they are treated as varying over time they are referred to as dynamic. In dynamic system optimum (DSO) models the link flows and travel times or costs are generally modelled using so-called ‘whole link’ models. Here we instead develop an SO model that more closely reflects traffic flow theory and derive the marginal costs and externalities from that. The most widely accepted traffic flow model appears to be the LWR (Lighthill, Whitham and Richards) model and a tractable discrete implementation or approximation to that is provided by the cell transmission model (CTM) or a finite difference approximation (FDA). These handle spillbacks, traffic controls and moving queues in a way that is consistent with the LWR model and hence with the kinematic wave model and fluid flow model. An SO formulation using the CTM is already available, assuming a single destination and a trapezoidal flow-density function. We extend the formulation to allow more general nonlinear flow density functions and derive and interpret system marginal costs and externalities. We show that if tolls computed from the DSO solution are imposed on users then the DSO solution would also satisfy the criteria for a dynamic user equilibrium (DUE). We extend the analysis to allow for physical or behavioural constraints on the link outflow proportions at merges and inflow proportions at diverges. We also extend the model to elastic demands and establish connections between the present DSO model and earlier DSO models.
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影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Carey, Malachy;Ge, Y. E.
通讯作者：
Ge, Y. E.
用于大规模交通网络运行分析的随机介观细胞传输模型
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. Alecsandru
通讯作者：
C. Alecsandru
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1997-05
期刊：
PATH research report
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Cayford;Wei-Hua Lin;C. Daganzo
通讯作者：
R. Cayford;Wei-Hua Lin;C. Daganzo
影响因子：
6.8
作者：
A. Sumalee;R. Zhong;T. Pan;W. Y. Szeto
通讯作者：
A. Sumalee;R. Zhong;T. Pan;W. Y. Szeto