Effects of fisheries on the Cantabrian Sea shelf ecosystem
Effects of fisheries on the Cantabrian Sea shelf ecosystem
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2003.09.005
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发表时间：
2004-03-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Olaso, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sánchez, F;Olaso, I
坎塔布连海陆架生态系统描述使用营养相互作用的质量平衡模型，以了解在这方面的不同渔业的影响。这项研究的依据是一个底拖网调查数据库、海考会鱼类评估工作组、胃分析、渔业研究，并以公布的资料为补充。该模型有28个营养组，分别对应于水层、底层和底栖领域，还包括碎屑和渔业丢弃物。结果表明，如果用单一物种评估方法独立估计某些种群的生物量和生产量，将是不现实的。给出了总结，以说明组之间的流量分配。由于浮游动物和竹荚鱼等关键群体将流量从初级生产转移到上层营养层，因此在水层、底层和底栖领域之间存在着密切的关系。浮游植物的摄食压力较低，反食性物种是生态系统的重要组成部分。渔业营养级的估计，营养级之间的转移效率和混合营养影响分析，考虑渔业作为影响和作为受影响的组成部分，也包括在内。结果表明，坎塔布连海的渔业影响程度与世界上开发最密集的温带大陆架生态系统相当。该渔场的平均营养水平为3.7。与碎屑、初级生产者或其他低营养级相比，丢弃物作为食物在生态系统中的重要性很低。拖网捕捞对该系统不同群体的负面营养影响很大，比所研究的其他渔具强得多。除围网外，所有渔具都对食鱼者和板鳃类有负面影响。坎塔布连海渔业的平均营养水平从1983年至1993年有所下降，但此后一直保持稳定。(C)2003 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
The Cantabrian Sea shelf ecosystem is described using a mass-balance model of trophic interactions, in order to understand the effects of the different fisheries that operate in this area. The study was based on a database of bottom trawl surveys, ICES stock assessment working groups, stomach analyses, fisheries research and was supplemented by published information. The model had 28 trophic groups corresponding to pelagic, demersal and benthic domains, also including detritus and fishery discards. The results indicated that the biomass and production of some groups would be unrealistic if they were independently estimated by single-species assessment approaches. Summaries are given to illustrate the flow distributions between groups. Strong relationships existed between the pelagic, demersal and benthic domains due to key groups, like zooplankton suprabenthic and horse mackerel, that transferred the flow from primary production to the upper trophic levels. Feeding pressure on phytoplankton was low and detritivorous species were an important component of the ecosystem.Estimations of the trophic level of the fisheries, transfer efficiency between trophic levels and mixed trophic impact analysis, that consider the fishery both as an impacting and as an impacted component, were also included. The results indicated a fisheries impact level in the Cantabrian Sea comparable to that in the most intensively exploited temperate shelf ecosystems of the world. The fishery was operating at a mean trophic level of 3.7. The importance of discards as food in the ecosystem was low, in comparison with detritus, primary producers or other low trophic levels. The negative trophic impact of trawling on the different groups of the system was high and much stronger than the other gears studied. All fishing gears, except the purse seine, had negative impact on fish feeders and elasmobranchs. The mean trophic level of Cantabrian Sea fisheries declined from 1983 to 1993 but has remained steady since then. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.