Phylogeography of the Ibero-Maghrebian red-eyed grass snake (Natrix astreptophora)
Phylogeography of the Ibero-Maghrebian red-eyed grass snake (Natrix astreptophora)
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DOI：
10.1007/s13127-017-0354-2
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发表时间：
2018-03
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Carolin Kindler;P. Pous;S. Carranza;Menad Beddek;P. Geniez;U. Fritz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carolin Kindler;P. Pous;S. Carranza;Menad Beddek;P. Geniez;U. Fritz
我们使用1984 bp的mtDNA和13个微卫星位点从其分布范围内的欧洲西南部和非洲西北部收集的标本，研究了红眼草蛇（斑游蛇）的地理分化。根据线粒体DNA系统发育分析，欧洲N. astreptophoraconstituted姐妹进化枝弱支持的北非分支组成的两个深深分歧和良好的支持分支，一个对应于摩洛哥蛇和其他蛇从阿尔及利亚和突尼斯。微卫星位点的分析证实了这种三方分化。根据化石校准的分子钟，欧洲和北非。astreptophoradverged 5.44百万年前（mya），和两个马格里布分支分裂4.64百万年。这些日期表明，三个分支的辐射是由环境变化有关的墨西拿盐度危机和地中海盆地的洪水。N. astreptophora在伊比利亚半岛和马格里布的西部和东部有不同的分支，对应于一个一般的地理学范式，并类似于另一个共同分布的Natrix物种，蝰蛇（N. Maura）。尽管这两个物种都是很好的游泳者，但直布罗陀对它们来说是一个重要的地理障碍。发现北非有两个特有的N. astreptophoranecessitates更多的保护工作，这些濒危的蛇。
We examined phylogeographic differentiation of the red-eyed grass snake (Natrix astreptophora) using 1984 bp of mtDNA and 13 microsatellite loci from specimens collected across its distribution range in southwestern Europe and northwestern Africa. Based on phylogenetic analyses of mtDNA, EuropeanN. astreptophoraconstituted the sister clade to a weakly supported North African clade comprised of two deeply divergent and well-supported clades, one corresponding to Moroccan snakes and the other to snakes from Algeria and Tunisia. This tripartite differentiation was confirmed by analyses of microsatellite loci. According to a fossil-calibrated molecular clock, European and North AfricanN. astreptophoradiverged 5.44 million years ago (mya), and the two Maghrebian clades split 4.64 mya. These dates suggest that the radiation of the three clades was initiated by the environmental changes related to the Messinian Salinity Crisis and the reflooding of the Mediterranean Basin. The differentiation ofN. astreptophora, with distinct clades in the Iberian Peninsula and in the western and eastern Maghreb, corresponds to a general phylogeographic paradigm and resembles the differentiation found in another co-distributedNatrixspecies, the viperine snake (N. maura). Despite both species being good swimmers, the Strait of Gibraltar constitutes a significant biogeographic barrier for them. The discovery that North Africa harbours two endemic lineages ofN. astreptophoranecessitates more conservation efforts for these imperilled snakes.