Structure of the Japanese avian community from city centers to natural habitats exhibits a globally observed pattern.
Structure of the Japanese avian community from city centers to natural habitats exhibits a globally observed pattern.
复制标题
日本鸟类群落的结构从城市中心到自然栖息地呈现出全球观察到的模式。
DOI：
10.1007/s11355-012-0201-8
复制
发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Osamu K. Mikami & Katsura Mikami
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
三上修;三上かつら;Osamu K. Mikami & Hisashi Nagata;三上かつら & 三上修;Osamu K. Mikami & Katsura Mikami
在世界各地的城市地区，特别是在欧洲和美国的鸟类物种的数量是低的;然而，它们的总密度高于周围栖息地观察到的。然而，这在日本是否属实尚未得到证实。日本城市的绿色面积比欧洲和美国城市少，日本的郊区很可能面对山坡上的森林，而大多数其他国家的城市面对开阔的草原、农村或平原。这些差异可能会影响鸟类多样性的结构，从城市到本地栖息地。我们比较了日本城市中心，郊区和森林地区的物种和所有物种的个体数量。与其他国家相似，日本城市的鸟类群落结构由少数物种主导，总丰度在其他环境中最高。这表明，决定鸟类群落结构的基本机制是相同的日本和其他以前研究的国家。然而，物种丰富度不是最高的中间地区，这是典型的欧洲和美国。这是因为郊区面临森林地区和适度城市化地区是稀缺的研究区域。中间区的缺乏在日本是中等典型的。这种差异不仅对管理鸟类多样性很重要，而且对日本从城市到本土栖息地的总体多样性也很重要。
The number of avian species in urban areas throughout the world, particularly in Europe and the USA is low; however, their total density is higher than that observed in surrounding habitats. Nevertheless, it has not been confirmed whether this is true in Japan. Japanese cities have fewer green areas than European and American cities, and Japanese suburbs are likely to face forests on mountain slopes, whereas cities in most other countries face open grasslands, rural areas, or flatlands. These differences could influence the structure of avian diversity from city to native habitat. We compared the number of species and individuals of all species among city centers, suburbs, and forested areas in Japan. Similar to other countries, the structure of avian communities in Japanese cities was dominated by a handful of species, and total abundance was highest among the other environments. This suggests that the underlying mechanism determining the structure of the avian community is the same between Japan and other previously studied countries. However, species richness was not the highest in the intermediate areas, which is typical in Europe and the USA. This is because suburbs face forested areas and moderately urbanized areas are scarce in the study area. The lack of intermediate area is moderately typical in Japan. This difference is important not only for managing avian diversity but also total diversity from the city to native habitats in Japan.