A Three-Part Framework for Self-Regulated Personality Development across Adulthood
A Three-Part Framework for Self-Regulated Personality Development across Adulthood
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DOI：
10.1002/per.1945
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Wood, Dustin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hennecke, Marie;Bleidorn, Wiebke;Wood, Dustin
最近，对人格发展感兴趣的研究人员开始认识到动机和自我调节在成年后性格变化中的作用。我们提出了三个前提条件，在这些前提下，个体可以通过自我指导的努力来改变自己的人格特质水平。首先，个人需要渴望改变他们与特质相关的行为，无论是作为一个目的本身，还是为了实现其他目标。其次，他们需要认为行为改变是可行的，并能够实施所需的改变。第三，行为变化需要成为习惯，才能形成稳定的特征。在详细阐述了这三个条件之后，我们回顾了证明动机和自我调节对特质发展的重要性的证据。最后，我们讨论了特征和目标之间的相互依存关系，以及自我调节人格变化的局限性。从我们的框架中，我们得出为什么成年后的人格变化往往是小到中等的，也就是说，它们可能要求满足自我调节人格变化的所有三个前提条件。我们提供了人们可能不认为改变是可取的、可行的或不能随着时间的推移保持改变的原因。最后，我们提出了研究自我调节人格变化的潜在研究设计的设想。版权所有(C)2014欧洲人格心理学协会
Recently, researchers interested in personality development have begun to acknowledge the roles of motivation and self-regulation for why traits change across adulthood. We propose three preconditions under which individuals may change their own levels of a personality trait through self-directed efforts. Firstly, individuals need to desire changing their trait-related behaviours either as an end in itself or in order to achieve other goals. Secondly, they need to consider behavioural changes feasible and be able to implement the desired changes. Thirdly, behavioural changes need to become habitual in order to constitute a stable trait. After elaborating on these three conditions, we review evidence attesting to the importance of motivation and self-regulation for trait development. We conclude with a discussion of the mutual interdependence of traits and goals, as well as the limits of self-regulated personality change. From our framework, we derive why personality changes across adulthood tend to be small to medium only, namely because they may require that all three preconditions for self-regulated personality change are fulfilled. We provide reasons for why people might not view change as desirable, feasible or fail to maintain it over time. Finally, we propose ideas for potential study designs to research self-regulated personality change. Copyright (C) 2014 European Association of Personality Psychology