Multiple introductions of Zika virus into the United States revealed through genomic epidemiology

Multiple introductions of Zika virus into the United States revealed through genomic epidemiology
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基因组流行病学揭示寨卡病毒多次传入美国

DOI:
10.1101/104794
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Grubaugh N
Grubaugh N
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
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作者:
Grubaugh N

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寨卡病毒(ZIKV)正在引起一场前所未有的流行病,与严重的先天性综合征有关。2016年7月,蚊子传播的ZIKV传播在美国大陆首次报道,此后,佛罗里达报告了数百例当地获得的感染。为了深入了解ZIKV引入美国大陆的时间、来源和可能的途径,我们通过对来自感染患者和埃及伊蚊的ZIKV基因组进行直接测序,从该病毒在佛罗里达的迈阿密首次检测开始追踪该病毒。我们发现,至少有四种不同的ZIKV引入导致了佛罗里达的疫情,当地的传播可能始于2016年春季--比最初发现早了几个月。通过分析监测和遗传数据,我们发现ZIKV在迈阿密的传播区之间移动。我们的分析表明,大多数引进与加勒比地区有遗传联系,这一发现得到了从该地区到迈阿密地区的高发病率和交通量的证实。通过比较蚊子的丰度和旅行流量,我们描述了佛罗里达南部特别容易受到ZIKV引入的地区。我们的研究使我们更深入地了解ZIKV如何在新地区启动和维持传播。
Zika virus (ZIKV) is causing an unprecedented epidemic linked to severe congenital syndromes,. In July 2016, mosquito-borne ZIKV transmission was first reported in the continental United States and since then, hundreds of locally-acquired infections have been reported in Florida. To gain insights into the timing, source, and likely route(s) of introduction of ZIKV into the continental United States, we tracked the virus from its first detection in Miami, Florida by direct sequencing of ZIKV genomes from infected patients andAedes aegyptimosquitoes. We show that at least four distinct ZIKV introductions contributed to the outbreak in Florida and that local transmission likely started in the spring of 2016 - several months before its initial detection. By analyzing surveillance and genetic data, we discovered that ZIKV moved among transmission zones in Miami. Our analyses show that most introductions are phylogenetically linked to the Caribbean, a finding corroborated by the high incidence rates and traffic volumes from the region into the Miami area. By comparing mosquito abundance and travel flows, we describe the areas of southern Florida that are especially vulnerable to ZIKV introductions. Our study provides a deeper understanding of how ZIKV initiates and sustains transmission in new regions.
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