Polyamines and abiotic stress tolerance in plants
Polyamines and abiotic stress tolerance in plants
复制标题
DOI：
10.4161/psb.5.1.10291
复制
发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Tuteja, Narendra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gill, Sarvajeet Singh;Tuteja, Narendra
包括气候变化在内的环境压力，特别是全球变暖，正在严重影响全球植物的生长和生产力。据估计，由于不利的环境因素，主要作物的产量潜力通常损失三分之二。另一方面，到2050年，世界人口估计将达到约100亿，将出现严重的粮食短缺。因此，应开发具有增强活力和对各种环境因素高度耐受性的作物，以养活不断增长的世界人口。在不利的环境胁迫下保持作物产量可能是现代农业面临的主要挑战，多胺可以发挥重要作用。多胺（Polyamines，PAs）是一类具有脂肪族氮结构的类植物甾醇脂肪胺天然化合物，广泛存在于包括植物在内的所有生物体内。研究表明，多胺参与了细胞生长发育和环境胁迫耐受等多种生理过程。在许多情况下，注意到植物胁迫耐受性与共轭和结合多胺的产生以及多胺氧化的刺激的关系。因此，利用编码多胺生物合成途径酶的基因对作物进行遗传操作可能会为作物提供更好的胁迫耐受性。此外，外源施用多胺也是提高植物抗逆性潜力的另一种选择。本文综述了植物体内多种多胺的合成及其在植物抗逆中的作用。
Environmental stresses including climate change, especially global warming, are severely affecting plant growth and productivity worldwide. It has been estimated that two-thirds of the yield potential of major crops are routinely lost due to the unfavorable environmental factors. On the other hand, the world population is estimated to reach about 10 billion by 2050, which will witness serious food shortages. Therefore, crops with enhanced vigour and high tolerance to various environmental factors should be developed to feed the increasing world population. Maintaining crop yields under adverse environmental stresses is probably the major challenge facing modern agriculture where polyamines can play important role. Polyamines (PAs)(putrescine, spermidine and spermine) are group of phytohormone-like aliphatic amine natural compounds with aliphatic nitrogen structure and present in almost all living organisms including plants. Evidences showed that polyamines are involved in many physiological processes, such as cell growth and development and respond to stress tolerance to various environmental factors. in many cases the relationship of plant stress tolerance was noted with the production of conjugated and bound polyamines as well as stimulation of polyamine oxidation. Therefore, genetic manipulation of crop plants with genes encoding enzymes of polyamine biosynthetic pathways may provide better stress tolerance to crop plants. Furthermore, the exogenous application of PAs is also another option for increasing the stress tolerance potential in plants. Here, we have described the synthesis and role of various polyamines in abiotic stress tolerance in plants.