Problems Encountered during Insertion of Permanent Endocardial Pacing Electrode
Problems Encountered during Insertion of Permanent Endocardial Pacing Electrode
复制标题
永久心内膜起搏电极置入过程中遇到的问题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1540-8159.1981.tb06545.x
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发表时间：
1981
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Mitha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DAVID J. GILLMER;Shanmugam Vythilingum;A. Mitha
描述了永久心内膜起搏器电极插入过程中出现的两个潜在问题的病例报告。它们是持续性左侧上腔静脉插管，以及未怀疑的锁骨下静脉血栓形成。临床上可以识别并避免左侧上腔静脉；但如果有必要，它可以用作通往右心室心内膜的路径。锁骨下静脉血栓形成似乎是先前头静脉起搏器插入的并发症，并且阻止了植入侧的进一步进入。可能会出现手臂疼痛、肿胀或多发性肺栓塞的症状；有时，除非发现异常静脉扩张，否则临床上不会怀疑。
Case reports of two potential problems arising during permanent endocardial pacemaker electrode insertion are described. They are cannulation of a persistent left‐sided superior vena cava, and unsuspected subclavian vein thrombosis. A left‐sided superior vena cava may be recognized clinically and avoided; but, if necessary, it can be employed as a route to the right ventricular endocardium. Subclavian vein thrombosis appears to be a complication of previous cephalic vein pacemaker insertion and prohibits further access on the implanted side. It may present with a painful, swollen arm or with the symptoms of multiple pulmonary emboli; occasionally it is not clinically suspected unless abnormal venous distension is sought.