Answering for Islam: Journalistic and Islamic Conceptions of Authority
Answering for Islam: Journalistic and Islamic Conceptions of Authority
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为伊斯兰教作出回应：新闻和伊斯兰教的权威概念
作者：
Michael B. Munnik
在英国，媒体对穆斯林的描述经常让信教者和学者感到失望。被指责的失败包括扭曲信仰或实践，将信仰本质化，放大不代表伊斯兰教的声音。最后一个因素取决于权威的问题：记者和穆斯林所认可的权威可能在很多重要方面有所不同。根据对新闻实践的研究、之前的专业经验、苏格兰的民族志田野调查和定性访谈，我讨论了记者对“官方消息来源”的传统偏好，以及这在伊斯兰教的等级制度方面可能出现的问题。我将其与一个较少研究的命令进行对比，这个命令也出现在新闻编辑室，针对“真实的人”。这一分类很好地符合伊斯兰教的分散传统，并提供了一个机会来理解媒体报道中如何呈现不同种类的来源。记者有可能确保这些对权威的不同诉求得到恰当的表达，尽管这需要知识和责任。
Media representations of Muslims in Britain have often disappointed both faith practitioners and scholars. Imputed failings include distorting beliefs or practices, essentialising the faith, and amplifying voices that are not representative of Islam. This last factor hinges on questions of authority: what journalists and Muslims recognise as authority can differ in important ways. Drawing on studies of journalism practice, prior professional experience, and ethnographic fieldwork and qualitative interviews in Scotland, I discuss the conventional preference among journalists for “official sources” and the problems this can present in terms of hierarchy in Islam. I contrast this with a less-studied imperative, also present in newsrooms, for “real people”. This category matches well with Islam’s decentralised tradition and presents an opportunity to understand how different kinds of sources are presented in media coverage. It is possible for journalists to ensure that these differing claims to authority are represented properly, though this requires knowledge and responsibility.