EFFECT OF SALINITY ON GRAIN-YIELD AND QUALITY, VEGETATIVE GROWTH, AND GERMINATION OF SEMIDWARF AND DURUM-WHEAT
EFFECT OF SALINITY ON GRAIN-YIELD AND QUALITY, VEGETATIVE GROWTH, AND GERMINATION OF SEMIDWARF AND DURUM-WHEAT
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DOI：
10.2134/agronj1986.00021962007800060023x
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发表时间：
1986-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
YOUNGS, VL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FRANCOIS, LE;MAAS, EV;YOUNGS, VL
半矮秆面包小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）和硬粒小麦（Triticum turgidum L.，Durum Group）通常生长在美国西部的盐碱土上。由于缺乏信息的营养生长和种子产量的影响，这两个物种，2年的田间小区进行了研究。通过用NaCl和CaCl 2（1：1重量比）盐化的沃茨灌溉，对Holtville粉质粘土[粘土在壤质、蒙脱石（钙质）、高温型Torrifluvent上]施加六种盐度处理。灌溉沃茨的电导率第一年分别为1.5、2.5、5.0、7.4、9.9和12.4 dS/m，第二年分别为1.5、4.0、8.0、12.0、16.1和20.5 dS/m。测量了籽粒产量、营养生长和发芽率。半矮秆小麦品种和两个硬粒小麦品种的相对籽粒产量不受土壤盐分高达8.6和5.9 dS/m（饱和土壤提取物的电导率），分别。每增加一个单位的盐阈值以上的半矮秆品种的产量减少了3.0%，两个硬粒小麦品种的产量减少了3.8%。这些结果将这两个物种放在耐盐类别中。盐分增加了两种籽粒的蛋白质含量，但只有硬粒籽粒的品质得到改善。两个物种的营养生长下降土壤盐分比粮食产量。这两个物种在发芽时的耐盐性比他们的三叶生长阶段后。
Semi-dwarf bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L., Durum Group) are often grown on saline soils in the western United States. Because of the lack of information on salinity effects on vegetative growth and seed yield of these two species, a 2-yr field plot study was conducted. Six salinity treatments were imposed on a Holtville silty clay [clayey over loamy, montmorillonitic (calcareous), hyperthermic Typic Torrifluvent] by irrigating with waters salinized with NaCl and CaCl2 (1:1 by wt). Electrical conductivities of the irrigation waters were 1.5, 2.5, 5.0, 7.4, 9.9, and 12.4 dS/m the first year, and 1.5, 4.0, 8.0, 12.0, 16.1, and 20.5 dS/m the second year. Grain yield, vegetative growth, and germination were measured. RElative grain yields of one semi-dwarf wheat cultivar and two durum cultivars were unaffected by soil salinity up to 8.6 and 5.9 dS/m (electrical conductivity of the saturated-soil extract), respectively. Each unit increase in salinity above the thresholds reduced yield of the semi-dwarf cultivar by 3.0% and the two durum cultivars by 3.8%. These results place both species in the salt-tolerant category. Salinity increased the protein content of both grains but only the quality of the durum grain was improved. Vegetative growth of both species was decreased more by soil salinity than was grain yield. Both species were less salt tolerant at germination than they were after the three-leaf stage of growth.