Orientation by the Bat Phyllostomus discolor (Phyllostomidae) on the Return Flight to its Resting Place
Orientation by the Bat Phyllostomus discolor (Phyllostomidae) on the Return Flight to its Resting Place
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变色蝙蝠（Phyllostomidae）在返回其休息地点时的定向
DOI：
10.1111/j.1439-0310.1995.tb00316.x
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Höller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Höller
蝙蝠具有发达的空间记忆，即使在极其不利于定向的条件下，它们也能导航。然而，如果他们过于严格地遵循记忆中规划的飞行路线，并且不受外感控制的影响，他们就会面临与意想不到的障碍物相撞的危险。在这里描述的实验中，已经熟悉了八角形飞行场地的变色叶口鱼对某些休息地点产生了明显的偏好，并且能够在不依赖外部定向线索的情况下飞到这些地点。通过旋转蝙蝠在竞技场内出发的方向或旋转房间内的整个竞技场，分别排除近端和远端线索。此外，通过用可见的标识符标记首选地点，表明即使有额外的定向辅助工具可用，蝙蝠也不会使用它们。另一方面，所有接受测试的蝙蝠都对着陆面积的减小立即做出反应，这表明它们能够在某些情况下将外感受信息纳入定向过程中。
Bats have a well-developed spatial memory, which enables them to navigate even when the conditions are extremely unfavourable for orientation. However, if they were to adhere too strictly to a flight path planned from memory and independent of exteroceptive control, they would be in danger of colliding with unexpected obstacles. In the experiments described here, Phyllostomus discolor that had familiarized themselves with an octagonal flight arena developed a clear preference for certain resting sites and were able to fly to these sites without recourse to external orientational cues. Proximal and distal cues were ruled out separately, by rotating the direction in which the bats started out within the arena or by rotating the entire arena in the room. Furthermore, by marking the preferred site with a visible identifier it was shown that even when additional aids to orientation are available, the bats do not make use of them. On the other hand, all the bats tested responded immediately to a reduction of the landing area, demonstrating that they are capable of incorporating exteroceptive information into the orientation process in certain circumstances.