The Textile Industry
The Textile Industry
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纺织工业
DOI：
10.1177/0002716282460001011
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Joseph Pelzman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Joseph Pelzman
在过去的20年里，美国纺织业已经从东北地区生产标准化面料和纱线的小规模、未整合、以家庭为主的工业转变为主要位于东南部的大规模、更集中、资本密集型、技术先进和具有国际竞争力的工业。这种转型的压力来自各种来源。其中主要是来自外国低成本生产商的竞争，最初是棉纺产品，后来是人造纺织品。压力的另一个主要来源来自国内生产商的内部竞争，这些生产商有意引入结构改革和技术变革。该行业对这些国内外压力的反应采取了政治和经济措施的形式。这些措施的结果是一个更健康、更有利可图、更具竞争力的纺织业。鉴于美国纺织业(不包括服装)在世界贸易中的表现及其相对效率水平，进一步保护似乎是不合理的。因此，美国应该采取更灵活的贸易立场，寻求在更新的多纤维安排(MFA)中将纺织品从服装中分离出来。
The U.S. textile industry has, over the last 20 years, been transformed from a small-scale, unintegrated, predominantly family-owned industry producing standardized fabrics and yarns in the Northeast to a large-scale, more concentrated, capitalintensive, technologically advanced, and internationally competitive industry located primarily in the Southeast. Pressure for this transformation came from a variety of sources. Primary among them was competition from foreign low-cost producers, initially of cotton textile products and later of man-made textile products. The other major source of pressure came from internal competition by domestic producers intent on introducing structural reforms and technical change. The industry's response to these foreign and domestic pressures took the form of both political and economic measures. The outcome of these measures is a healthier, more profitable, and more competitive textile industry. In view of the performance of the U.S. textile industry—excluding apparel—in world trade and its relative level of efficiency, further protection appears to be unjustified. Consequently, the United States should adopt a more flexible trading position and seek to split off textiles from apparel in the renewed Multifiber Arrangement (MFA).