The maintenance of standing genetic variation: Gene flow vs. selective neutrality in Atlantic stickleback fish.
The maintenance of standing genetic variation: Gene flow vs. selective neutrality in Atlantic stickleback fish.
复制标题
维持遗传变异的维持：基因流与大西洋粘带鱼中的选择性中立性。
DOI：
10.1111/mec.16269
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Berner, Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haenel, Quiterie;Guerard, Laurent;MacColl, Andrew D. C.;Berner, Daniel
关键词：
对衍生生境的适应通常是由常存遗传变异引起的。祖先群体中有利于衍生生境的遗传变异的维持通常归因于净化选择与跨生境杂交产生的基因流动之间的长期对抗。基于多基因适应的定量遗传模型，另一种基本未被探索的观点是，在衍生栖息地中受到青睐的变异，在频率相对较低的祖先种群中是中性的。为了探索后者，我们首先基于全基因组序列数据确定了三刺棘鱼（Gasterosteus aculeatus）适应罕见的衍生栖息地-营养物枯竭的酸性湖泊的重要遗传变异。通过对大西洋六个地点的海洋棘鱼进行测序，我们可以推断，这些衍生变体在祖先栖息地的频率与这些变体从适应酸性的种群中基因流动的可能机会无关。这一结果与祖先中衍生变异的选择性中立一致。因此，我们的研究支持了一种未被充分理解的关于常备遗传变异维持的解释，并呼吁更好地理解跨栖息地和基因组背景的适应性变异的适应性后果。
Adaptation to derived habitats often occurs from standing genetic variation. The maintenance within ancestral populations of genetic variants favourable in derived habitats is commonly ascribed to long‐term antagonism between purifying selection and gene flow resulting from hybridization across habitats. A largely unexplored alternative idea based on quantitative genetic models of polygenic adaptation is that variants favoured in derived habitats are neutral in ancestral populations when their frequency is relatively low. To explore the latter, we first identify genetic variants important to the adaptation of threespine stickleback fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus) to a rare derived habitat—nutrient‐depleted acidic lakes—based on whole‐genome sequence data. Sequencing marine stickleback from six locations across the Atlantic Ocean then allows us to infer that the frequency of these derived variants in the ancestral habitat is unrelated to the likely opportunity for gene flow of these variants from acidic‐adapted populations. This result is consistent with the selective neutrality of derived variants within the ancestor. Our study thus supports an underappreciated explanation for the maintenance of standing genetic variation, and calls for a better understanding of the fitness consequences of adaptive variation across habitats and genomic backgrounds.
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