Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Trans Women: A Literature Review.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Trans Women: A Literature Review.
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DOI：
10.1089/trgh.2018.0005
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Tariq, Shema
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jaspal, Rusi;Kennedy, Lauren;Tariq, Shema
在艾滋病毒流行中，变性妇女是一个关键但研究不足的人群。然而，关于英国有艾滋病毒风险或携带艾滋病毒的变性妇女的健康和福祉的数据仍然很少。这篇文章对变性妇女中艾滋病病毒的关键实证研究进行了叙述性回顾。为了探索这一人群中与HIV相关的个人和社会因素，我们概述了社会心理学中的认同过程理论和医学人类学中的结构性暴力概念的关键原理。我们侧重于以下主题的已发表研究：(1)流行病学数据，(2)共同因素(3)社会支持障碍，(4)艾滋病毒与性别转变，(5)获得和参与卫生保健。我们找出了漏洞，因此呼吁在以下领域进行联合王国的研究：(1)跨性别妇女中艾滋病毒的流行率和发病率，(2)共同因素对跨性别妇女艾滋病毒风险和感染的影响，(3)应对共同因素的社会支持的性质，(4)性别转变与艾滋病毒的相互作用，以及(5)获得艾滋病毒预防和护理服务的障碍。在变性妇女中进行艾滋病毒研究，特别是在英国，有很大的范围(和紧迫性)，以减少这一群体的发病率，加强整个护理过程中对艾滋病毒护理的参与，并改善艾滋病毒携带者的健康和福祉。本文提出了一种预防和护理HIV的初步模式。
Trans women are a key, yet under-researched, population in the HIV epidemic. However, there remains a paucity of data on the health and wellbeing of trans women at risk of, or living with, HIV in the United Kingdom. This article provides a narrative review of key empirical research into HIV among trans women. In an effort to explore individual and social factors in relation to HIV in this population, we outline key tenets of identity process theory from social psychology and the concept of structural violence from medical anthropology. We focus on published studies around the following themes: (1) epidemiological data, (2) syndemic factors (3) barriers to social support, (4) HIV and gender transitioning, and (5) access to and engagement with health care. We identify lacunae and thus call for United Kingdom-based research in the following areas: (1) the prevalence and incidence of HIV in trans women, (2) the impact of syndemic factors on HIV risk and acquisition in trans women, (3) the nature of social support for coping with syndemic factors, (4) the interface of gender transitioning and HIV, and (5) barriers to accessing HIV prevention and care services. There is great scope (and urgency) for research into HIV among trans women, especially in the United Kingdom, to reduce incidence in this group, to enhance engagement in HIV care across the care continuum, and to improve the health and wellbeing of those living with HIV. A tentative model for HIV prevention and care is presented in this article.