Alternative ecological strategies lead to avian brain size bimodality in variable habitats
Alternative ecological strategies lead to avian brain size bimodality in variable habitats
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-019-11757-x
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发表时间：
2019-08-23
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Botero, Carlos A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fristoe, Trevor S.;Botero, Carlos A.
促进大脑变大的生态环境受到了相当大的关注，但那些导致大脑比预期小的生态环境却在很大程度上被忽视了。在这里，我们使用的2062种物种的全球样本提供的证据表明，代谢和生活史的权衡管理鸟类大脑大小的演变，并发挥重要作用，在定义生态战略能够坚持在地球上最热可变和不可预测的栖息地。虽然一些鸟类通过投资大大脑来科普极端的冬季条件（例如，计划、创新和行为灵活性的能力更强），而另一些人的大脑更小，相反，他们会投资于使他们能够承受潜在致命事件或从潜在致命事件中恢复过来的特质。具体而言，这些物种仅限于体型大，饮食由难以消化但容易获得的食物组成，以及高繁殖输出。总的来说，我们的研究结果强调了在调查大脑大小进化的潜在驱动因素时考虑战略权衡的重要性。
The ecological contexts that promote larger brains have received considerable attention, but those that result in smaller-than-expected brains have been largely overlooked. Here, we use a global sample of 2062 species to provide evidence that metabolic and life history tradeoffs govern the evolution of brain size in birds and play an important role in defining the ecological strategies capable of persisting in Earth's most thermally variable and unpredictable habitats. While some birds cope with extreme winter conditions by investing in large brains (e.g., greater capacity for planning, innovation, and behavioral flexibility), others have small brains and invest instead in traits that allow them to withstand or recover from potentially deadly events. Specifically, these species are restricted to large body sizes, diets consisting of difficult-to-digest but readily available foods, and high reproductive output. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of considering strategic tradeoffs when investigating potential drivers of brain size evolution.